Intraoperative and Postoperative Management Flashcards
What are some things to consider during the intraoperative management of within theatre?
- handover from ward to theatre staff
- admission of patient to theatre
- preparation of theatre
- preparation of staff
- anaesthesia
- positioning of patient
- preparation of surgical site
What are the two types of anaesthesia?
General and regional.
What is must be considered during the termination (completion) of surgery?
- documentation of surgical procedure
- all documentation is completed
- orders written from surgeon
- transfer to recovery room
Name four things the staff in the recovery room are responsible for.
- critically evaluate and stabilise patient
- anticipate and prevent potential complications
- sfaeguard patient’s wellbeing until they can do so for themselves
- position
- airway, breathing, circulation
- stabilisation
- pain management
- nausea and vomiting
During postoperative management the ward area is prepared for the return of a patient. What are the goals for this in regards to patient safety and comfort?
- bed
- O2 and suction
- vital signs equipment
- hygiene equipment (including mouthcare)
- special equipment e.g. IV pole, pumps, traction
In the discharge from the recovery room, what does the handover to the ward staff include?
- procedure
- difficulties/problems
- specific post op orders
- medications
- IV fluids
- wound details
- elimination details
- drain tubes (wound, gastrointestinal, lung)
Name three things the postoperative assessment includes.
- vital signs, level of consciousness, emotional status
- skin colour and temperature
- IV fluids (blood, crytalloids, colloids), method, cannula site
- wound site and dressings
- drains and tubes
- pain and discomfort, nausea/vomiting
- position
Asides from documentation and assessment details, what other goals are important for postoperative care?
- hygiene, comfort, pain management
- fluid balance (create maintain)
- stable vital signs
- intact wound, wound management
- psychosocial stability
Name two things that must be considered during ongoing care.
- position and mobilisation
- preventable complications - deep breathing/coughing, limb exercises
- fluid balance (intake, output)
- introduction to diet
- pain management
- wound care
- drain tubes
Haemorrhage can be a complication after surgery. Name the three subcategories and explain each.
Primary - at time of surgery
Reactionary - in the first few hours postoperative when blood pressure returns to normal
Secondary - some time aft surgery (can be days/weeks)
Explain infection complications.
Infection will not present itself until around day five post surgery, and at this time most patients will be discharged. Patients need to be educated about what to look for and what to do. This includes:
- temperature
- site
- generally unwell
- discharge
- smell
Explain complications with thrombosis/embolism.
- deep vein thrombosis
- pulmonary embolism
- fat embolism
For these we need to do an assessment (respiratory, neurovascular, neurological), mental status, vital signs including pulse oximetry and inspect the calves for swelling, heat and pain.
Explain the complications of pneumonia.
- affects older person usually
- aspiration often the cause
- frequent respiratory assessment
- deep breathing and coughing
- analgesia
- early mobilisation
- physiotherapist involvement
