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Pharmacology > Pharmacokinetics > Flashcards

Pharmacokinetics Flashcards

1
Q

1 X t1/2 =

A

50%

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2
Q

3.3 X t1/2 =

A

90%

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3
Q

4 to 5 X t1/2 =

A

95%

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4
Q

Basic WA drugs

A
  1. Asprin
  2. Penicllin
  3. Cephalosporin
  4. Diuretics
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5
Q

Basic WB drugs

A
  1. Morphine
  2. Local Anesthetics
  3. Amphetamines
  4. PCP
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6
Q

Bioavailability (f) =

A

AUC[Oral] / AUG[IV]

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7
Q

Blood volume VD

A

5L

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8
Q

CYP450 - 1A2 Inhibitors

A
  1. Quinolones
  2. Macrolides
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9
Q

CYP450 - 1A2 Substrate

A
  1. Theophylline
  2. Acetaminophen
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10
Q

CYP450 - 2C9 Substrate

A
  1. Phenytoin
  2. Warfarin
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11
Q

CYP450 - 2D6 inhibitors

A
  1. Haloperidol
  2. Quinidine
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12
Q

CYP450 - 2D6 Substrate

A

CVS and CNS drugs

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13
Q

CYP450 General inducers

CRAP GPS

A
  • Carbamazapine
  • Rifampin
  • Alcohol (Chronic)
  • Phenytoin
  • Griseofluvin
  • Phenobarbs
  • Sulphonylureas
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14
Q

CYP450 General Inhibitors

SICKFACES.COM Group

A
  1. Sodium Valproate
  2. Isoniazid
  3. Cimetidine
  4. Ketoconazole
  5. Flucoconazole
  6. Alcohol (bindge)
  7. Chloremphemicol
  8. Erythromycin
  9. Sulfonamide
  10. Ciprofloxacin
  11. Omeprazole
  12. Metronidazole
  13. Grape fruit
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15
Q

Drugs that undergo first-pass metabolism

A
  1. Lidocaine
  2. Nitroglycerin
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16
Q

Drugs with Zero-order elimination

A
  1. Ethanol
  2. Phenytoin
  3. Salicylate
17
Q

ECF volume VD

A
  • 12-14L
  • 16%
  • Mannitol
18
Q

Extraction rate =

A

Cliver / Q

Q: Hepatic blood flow

19
Q

First Order of Elimination

A
  • Constant FRACTION of the drug is eliminated per unit time
  • t1/2 is CONSTANT
  • Follows and exponential decay versus time
  • Rate if elimination is Directly Proportional to plasma level
20
Q

Infusion rate (k0) =

A

Cl X Css

21
Q

Loading Dose (LD) =

A

(VD X [Plasma]) / f

22
Q

Maintenance dose (MD) =

A

(Cl X Css X Γ) / f

23
Q

pH-pKa = -2 WB

A

1% nonionized

24
Q

pH-pKa= -2 for WA

A

99% nonionized

25
Q

Phase 1 Biotransformation

A
  • Oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis
  • Involves Cytochrome P40 found in Smooth Endoplastic Reticulum
26
Q

Phase 2 Biotransformation

A

Conjugation (attaching something to drug) with endogenous compounds via the activity of transferases

  • Glucuronidation
  • Acetylation
  • Glutathione Conjugation
27
Q

Plasma volume VD

A
  • 3L
  • 4%
  • Heparin
28
Q

Systemic Bioavailability (F) =

A

f X (1-ER)

29
Q

t1/2 =

A

.7 X (VD/Cl)

30
Q

TBW volume VD

A
  • 40-42L
  • Ethanol
31
Q

Tissue Conc. VD

A
  • Over 49L
  • Chloroquine
32
Q

Urine acidifier

A
  1. NH4Cl
  2. Vit C
  3. Cranberry Juice
33
Q

Urine Alkalinizer

A
  1. NaHCO3
  2. Acetazolamide
34
Q

Volume of Distribution (VD) =

A

Dose / C0

C0: [Plasma] at zero time

35
Q

Zero Order Elimination rate

A
  • A Constant AMOUNT of drug is eleminated per unit time
  • Rate is INDEPENDENT of plasma concentration
  • Have NO FIXED t1/2

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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