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Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q
  • Second generation sulfonylurea
  • Must decrease dose in hepatic dysfunctioin
A

Glipizide is

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2
Q

Reverse

Increase tissue sensitivity to insulin and/or decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis by activating AMPK

A

Metformin mechanism of action

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3
Q

Reverse

First generation sulfonylurea

Must decrease dose in renal dysfuntion

A

Acetohexamide is

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4
Q

Reverse

  1. First generation sulfonylurea that is long acting
  2. Has SIADH/DISULFIRAM reaction
A

Chlorpropamide is

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5
Q

Reverse

Blocks SGLT-2 in the PCT increasing glucose exretion

A

Canagliflozin mechanism of action

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6
Q

Reverse

Androgen receptor blocker used for androgen-receptor-positive prostate cancer

A

Flutamide mechanism of action

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7
Q

Reverse

Somatostatin analog used for Acromegaly, carcinoid and secretory GI tumors

A

Octerotide is

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8
Q

Reverse

Blocks K channels in Beta cells causing depolarization and increase insulin release

A

Sulfonylureas mechanism of action

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9
Q

Reverse

FSH and LH analogs used for hypogonadal states

A

Menotropins are

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10
Q

Reverse

V2 selective vasopressin analog used for:

  1. Neurogenic DI
  2. Hemophilia A (increase factor 8)
  3. Von Willebrand (increase vW factor)
  4. Primary nocturnal enuresis
A

Desmopressin is

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11
Q

Reverse

  • Second generation of sulfonylurea
  • Decrease dose in renal dysfunction
A

Glyburide is

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12
Q

Reverse

5-Alpha reductase inhibitor preventing converstion of testosterone to DHT

A

Finasteride mechanism of action

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13
Q

Reverse

DA analog used for hyperprolactinemia

A

Bromocriptine is

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14
Q

Reverse

  1. Decrease HDL and increase LDL
  2. Glucose intolerance
  3. Bleeding
  4. Hirsutism and acne
  5. Block lipid changes
  6. Weight gain
  7. Depression
A

Progestin adverse affects

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15
Q

Reverse

Bind to PPARgama involved in transcription of insulin-responsive genes cuasing sensitization of tissues to insulin and decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis and TG and increase insulin receptor number

A

Thiazoldinediones (-glitazone) mechanism of action

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16
Q

Reverse

Suppress gonadotropins especially midcycle LH surge

A

Oral Contraceptives mechanism of action

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17
Q

Reverse

Decrease feedback inhibition causing increase in FSH and LH leading to increase in ovulation and pregnancy

A

Clomiphene mechanism of action

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18
Q

Reverse

Insulin that has longest duration without a peak effect

A

Glargine is

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19
Q

Reverse

GnRH analog used for Endometriosis and prostate carcinoma

A

Nafarelin is

20
Q

Reverse

Inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-4) thereby inhibiting the inactivaiton of GLP-1

A

Gliptin mechanism of action

21
Q

Reverse

inhibitions of 5’ deiodinase

A

High dose PTU cuases

22
Q

Reverse

GH analog used for pituitary dwarfism and osteoporosis

A

Somatrem is

23
Q

Reverse

First generation sulfonylurea that is appropriate in renal dysfunction

A

Tolbutamide is

24
Q

Reverse

FSH analog used for hypogonadal state

A

Urofollitropin is

25
Q

Reverse

Recombinant DNA PTH analog given once daily to stimulate osteoblast and new bone formation

A

Teriparatide mechanism of action

26
Q

Reverse

Blocks glucocorticoid and progestin receptors

A

Mifepristone mechanism of action

27
Q

Reverse

cause Maculopapular rash

A

Thioamides adverse affect

28
Q

Reverse

  1. Medroxyprogesterone
  2. Norethindrone
  3. Desogestrel
A

Progestin drugs

29
Q

Reverse

Aromatase inhibitor that decreases estrogen synthesis

A

Anastrozole mechanism of action

30
Q

Reverse

Long acting Glucagon-like peptide -1 (GLP-1) receptor full agonist

A

Exenatide mechanism of action

31
Q

Reverse

Estrogen-dependent, postmenopausal breat cancer

A

Anastrozole used for

32
Q

Reverse

Inhibits alpha-glucosidase in brush borders of SI causing a decrease in carbo abosorption

A

Acarbose mechanism of action

33
Q

Reverse

  1. Estrogen receptor agonist on bone
  2. Estrogen receptor antagonist on breast
  3. Partial agonist on Endometrium (leads to cancer)
A

Tamoxifen mechanism of action

34
Q

Reverse

  1. Lactic acidsois
  2. GI distress
  3. Decrease B12
A

Metformin adverse affects

35
Q

Reverse

  1. Bone mineralization defects (Etidronate and pamidronate)
  2. GI distress
  3. Esophageal ulcers (Alendronate)
A

Bisphosphonate adverse affects

36
Q

Reverse

GnRH analog

A

Leuprolide mechanism of action

37
Q

Reverse

GH analog used for pituitary dwarfism and osteoporosis

A

Somatropin is

38
Q

Reverse

  1. Estrogen receptor agonist on bone
  2. Estrogen receptor antagonist on breast and uterus
A

Raloxifene mechanism of action

39
Q

Reverse

ACTH analog used for infantile spasms

A

Cosyntropin is

40
Q

Reverse

  1. Hypoglycemia
  2. Weight gain
A

Sulfonylureas adverse affects

41
Q

Reverse

  1. Propylthiouracil (PTU)
  2. Methimazole
A

Thioamides:

42
Q

Reverse

Uncomplicated hyperthyroid conditions

A

Thioamides are used for

43
Q

Reverse

Stabilize hydroxyapatite bone strucutre and also induce osteoblasts to secrete inhibitors of oseoclasts causing decrease bone resorption and decress progression of osteoporosis

A

Bisphosphonate mechanism of action

44
Q

Reverse

  1. Contraception
  2. Hormone replacement therapy
A

Progestin used for

45
Q

Reverse

GnRH analog used for Endometriosis and prostate carcinoma

A

Leuprolide is

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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