Pharmacogenetics

Question 1

As an example of how important small changes are:

How does Aspirin work?

Answer 1

They inhibit the COX (cyclooxygenase) by putting a acetyl group to the OH of Serine

Question 2

What are Cytochrome P450 proteins ?!?

Answer 2

They carry out the metabolism of xenobiotics in the ER of the liver

Question 3

What type of reaction does Cytochrome P450 perform?

Answer 3

heme-containing electron carriers , monooxygenases -> add one O2 in redox raction

NADPH as electron source

Question 4

What is Clopidogrel (Plavix)?

Answer 4

Clopidogrel is a prodrug, its active form prevents the sticking of plateletes

Question 5

What is CYP450 role in the metabolism of Clopidogrel and what specific CYP is involved?

Answer 5

CYP2C19 activates Plavix (prodrug) -> the active form blocks platelet and clotting formation

Question 6

CYP450 nomenclature:

Answer 6

Gene: CYP
gene family: 2
subfamily: C
gene number 19
allele: *2