Pharmaco Antidiarrheal Agents Flashcards
Some causes
Infectious agents
Toxins
Anxiety
Drugs
diarrhea MOA
Increase in motility of GIT
Increase In secretions
Decreased fluid absorption with electrolyte and H2O loss
3 major approaches in diarrhea management
Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance
Antimicrobial agents use
Non antimicrobial antidiarrheal agents
How are fluid and electrolyte maintained
Oral rehydration
NaCl and glucose preparations
Ready to use preparations to be dissolved in water
MOA of maintenance of electrolyte balance
Glucose in ileum
Glucose NA+ co transport helps in NA+ absorption
N’a+ absorption leads to water absorption
Amino acids act the same way
Why are antimicrobial not usually used
Because mostly diarrheal
Commonest bacteria causing diarrhea
Campylobacter
How to treat campylobacter
Erythromycin
Ciprofloxacin
Non antimicrobial antidiarrheql agents
Opiates
Antimuscarinic
Adsorbents
Opiates action on diarrhea
Non specific action that can control diarrhea
Induce sustained segmental contraction of intestinal smooth muscles
Prevent peristalsis
Main opioids used in diarrhea
Diphenoxylate
Loperamide (Imodium)
Loperamide (Imodium) action
Reduce frequency of passage of feces
Do opiates undergo enterohepatic cycling ?
Yes
When do you use opiates to treat diarrhea
In travelers diarrhea
What other agent can you find in opiates preparations
Lomotil ( atropine )
