Pharmaceutical Care: Hypertension Flashcards
What are the symptoms?
Only appear if severe
Headaches
Retinal haemorrhage
What is the primary cause?
NO real explanation
Age?
Which medications can cause it?
Pill
nSAIDs
Steroids = corticosteroids
What can be the secondary cause?
Specific reason
eg. tumour in adrenal gland#
= more adrenaline secreted
= increased BP
When is the BP suggestive?
140/90 or higher
What are the challenges of measuring BP?
White coat syndrome
= seem to have high BP but don’t actually
Due to more stress + anxiety
What can you do to overcome white coat syndrome?
Ambulatory BP monitoring
= at home 24hr monitoring
How many stages of hypertension is there?
3
What is stage 1?
Greater than 140/90 or 135/85 at home
Treat on risk
What is stage 2?
160/100 or 150/95 at home
Treat everyone
What is stage 3?
180/110 or higher
Treat there + then
NO take home
What lifestyle advice can you give people?
Exercise
Lose weight
Improve diet
Drink less
Decrease salt intake
What is step 1 of treatment?
Patient under 55 = ACE
Over or black people of African or Caribbean = CCB
CCB NOT suitable = thiazide-like diuretic
What are examples of ACE?
Lisinopril
Enalapril
Ramipril
What problems with ACE?
Posterior hypotension = drop in BP when stand up
= make dizzy
Chronic dry cough