pharma questions Flashcards
what is used in the treatment of hypertensive emergency
sodium nitropusside
what is used to treat diabetes patients w hypertension
ACE inhibitors
what inhibits NA+ -K+-ATPase and enhances release of intracellular calcium
Cardiac glycosides
What when used with sildenafil can cause dangerous hypotension
organic nitrate
What inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop and early distal tubule
thiazide diuretics
baby aspirin is widely used to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction. what is the mechanism of action of aspirin
inhibition of thrmoboxane A2 synthesis in the platelets
african american hypertensives respond well to which of the following group of drugs
calcium channel blockers
beta blockers produce anti-anginal action by which mechanism
decreasing myocardial oxygen demand
Which of the heart drugs have low therapeutic index
cardiac glycosides
which of the drug is an aldosterone antagonist and is used in the treatment of advanced cases of heart failure
spironolactone
the antihypertensive drug of choice in pregnancy is
methyldopa
which of the following drugs are currently recommended as the first line drug therapy for hypertension unless there are compelling reasons to choose another agent
diuretics
organic nitrates are useful for prevention and treatment of angina. The common side effects of their use are
headache and postural hypotension
irritating dry cough is a well known side effect of which group of drugs
thiazide diuretics
which of the following drugs are particularly useful in hypertensive patients w angina or those w migraine
b blockers
a 42 yo male w an acute MU is treated w thrombolytic drug, streptokinase. what is the mechanism of action of thrombolytic drugs?
activation of plasminogen to plasmin
clopidegrol is an anti-platelet drug. What is its mechanism of action?
inhibition of biding of ADP to its receptors on platelets
furosemide is a loop diuretic. it can cause all of the following undesirable effects
Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, ototoxicity
In the treatment of heart failure patients, all of the following group of drugs reduce the cardiac workload:
Angiotensin Converting Enzymes (ACE) Inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, direct vasodilators, beta blockers, spironolactone
Ketoconazole is an antifungal agent. It is also used in the Tx of:
cushing’s syndrome
which of the following group of drugs is used in the Tx of hyperprolactinemia?
dopamine-receptor agonist
the drugs of first choice for Tx of patients w hypercholesterolemia are ___________?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
amiodarone is a class III anti-arrhythmic drug. What is its mechanism of action?
Potassium channel blocker
which of the following is a potentially serious complication of long term use of glucocorticoids?
Osteoporosis
antidote used for warfarin toxicity
vit K
flushing and pruritus are adverse effects of its use
niacin
interferes w synthesis of vit K dependent clotting factors
warfarin
can cause myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
long term use can cause osteoporosis
glucocorticoids
Which of the following drugs inhibits the release of thyroxine from the thyroid gland
iodine
inhibits peripheral conversion to T4 to T3
propylthiuracil
used to induce or reinforce labor
oxytocin
major side effect of all the anticoagulant drugs
hemorrhage
drug of choice for Tx of hypothyroidism
levothyroxine
fludrocortisone is a steroid drug w potent mineralocorticoid activity. what is true of mineralocorticoid drugs
involved in salt and water balance
erthropoietin is used to treat
anemia in end stage renal failure
39 pregnant female requires heparin to prevent intravascular clot formation. what is the MOA
binding of antithrobin to something
