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MED SURG 2 > Pharm Respiratory Drugs > Flashcards

Pharm Respiratory Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

**

Albuterol INH

A

always keep with pt to reduce risk of bronchospasm

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2
Q

Levalbuterol INH

A
  • Monitor HR
  • Use 5 mins before other INH meds.
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3
Q

Which meds are considered SABA?

A
  • Albuterol INH
  • Levalbuterol INH
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4
Q

What class are Albuterol and Levalbuterol in?

A

Bronchodilators

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5
Q

Bronchodilators

A

rapid bronchodilation relaxing smooth muscle

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6
Q

SABA

A

Rescue INH (used before AA or before trigger)

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7
Q

LABA

A
  • slow acting w/ long duration
  • AA prevention
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8
Q

Which meds are considered LABA?

A
  • Salmeterol INH
  • Indacaterol INH
  • Formoterol
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9
Q

Salmeterol INH

A

Not a rescue medication; med is slow-acting & will not help acute symptoms

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10
Q

Indacaterol INH; Formoterol

A

used in COPD only!
Not a rescue medication; med is slow-acting & will not help acute symptoms

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11
Q

Cholinergic Antagonist (anticholinergic drugs or LAMAs)

A

Prevent AA or COPD bronchospasms & improve gas exchange

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12
Q

Which medications are considered LAMAs?

A
  • Ipratropium INH
  • Tiotropium INH
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13
Q

Ipratropium INH; Tiotropium

A
  • Always keep with pt to reduce bronchocontriction
  • MDI use, shake med INH well
  • Increase oral fluids, med causes dry mouth
  • Observe + Report blurred vision, eye pain, headache, nausea, palpitations, tremors, inability to sleep
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14
Q

Anti-inflammatories

A

improve bronchiolar airflow & increased gas exchange by decreasing inflammatory response of mucous membranes

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15
Q

2 Medication classes that are Anti-inflammatories/ respiratory pham

A
  • Corticosteroids
  • Leukotriene Modifier
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16
Q

Corticosteroids

A

prevent AA caused by inflammation or allergies

17
Q

Medications that are considered Corticosteroids

A
  • Fluticasone MDI INH
  • Beclomethasone MDI INH
  • Budesonide MDI INH
  • Prednisone ORAL
18
Q

Fluticasone MDI INH

A
  • use medication daily even when no symptoms are present
  • effectiveness requires 48- 72 hrs of continued use & depends on regular use
19
Q

Beclomethaasone MDI INH; Budesonide MDI INH

A

Requires good oral care!
Not a rescue medication- med is slow-acting & will not help acute symptoms

20
Q

Prednisone ORAL

A
  • monitor for side effects
  • avoid acitivities that lead to injury- fragile blood vessels, causes bruising or petichiae
  • take with food- reduce GI upset/ ulceration
    DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY
21
Q

What medications are Leukotriene Modifiers?

A

Montelukast ORAL

22
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers

A

prevent AA triggered by inflammation/ allergies

23
Q

Monteluklast ORAL

A
  • use medication daily even when no symptoms are present
  • effectiveness requires 48- 72 hrs of continued use & depends on regular use
  • DO not decrease dose or stop taking othere Asthma meds unless direcrted by HCP
  • used for long-term ashtma control & does not replace other medications
24
Q

Mucolytics

A

thin secretions

25
Q

What medications are considered Mucolytics?

A
  • Guaifenesin ORAL
  • Acetylcysteine NEB
26
Q

Gaifenesin ORAL

A
  • increase fluid intake
  • can cause drowsiness
27
Q

Acetylcysteine NEB

A
  • can cause bronchospasms in asthmatics
  • open vials should be refridgerated & used within 90 hrs
  • pts should clear airway by coughing prior to med administration
28
Q

What is the FOCUS for COPD interventions/ goals?

A
  • long-term control therapy with longer-acting medications
  • INH medications can be used in combination (i.e., Fluticasone Salmeterol)
  • Instruct pt on proper use of inhaler
29
Q

this medication used in practice is controversial for respiratory system emergencies-

A

Magnesium Sulfate

30
Q

COPD specifc meds

A
  • Indacaterol INH
  • Formoterol
  • Guaifenesin ORAL
  • Acetylcysteine NEB
31
Q

What classes do Magnesium Sulfate belong to?

A
  • Electrolyte
  • Anticonvulsant
  • Saline Laxative
  • Antacid
32
Q

Magnesium Sulfate mech of action:

A

increases osmotic pressure, draws fluid into colon, neutralizes HCI

33
Q

Magnesium Sulfate uses:

A

constipation, dyspepsia; bowel preparation before surgery or exam; anticonvulsant for preeclampsia, eclampsia (magnesium sulfate); electrolyte; cardiac glycoside- induced arrhythmias, nutritional supplement

34
Q

Side effects of Magnesium Sulfate

A
  • CNS: Muscle weakness, flushing, sweating, confusion, sedation, depressed reflexes,* flaccid paralysis*, hypothermia
  • CV: Hypotension, heart block, circulatory collapse, vasodilation
  • GI: Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, cramps, diarrhea
  • HEMA: Prlonged bleeding time
  • META: Electrolyte, fluid imbalances
  • RESP: Respiratory depression/ paralysis
35
Q

Nursing Considerations for Magnesium Sulfate

A

ASSESS:
* Laxative: cause of constipation; lack of fluids, bulk, exercise; cramping, rectal bleeding, nausea, vomiting; product should be discontinued
* Eclampsia: seizure precautions, B/P, ECG; magnesium toxicity: thirst, confusion, decrease in reflexes; I&O ratio; check for decrease in urinary output
* Pregnancy/ breastfeeding: use only oif clearly needed (chloride), contraindixated in labor, toxemia during 2hr prior to delivery, appears in breast milk

36
Q

S/S of magnesium toxicity

A
  • > 30mL/ hr urine output
  • decreased RR (8 or <)
  • DTR
  • slurred speech
  • lethargic –> unresponsive
37
Q

Nursing considerations for a magnesium toxicity

A
  • monitor urine output (strict I&Os)
  • monitor RR
  • assess hourly
  • DTR & clonus
  • decrease stimulation
38
Q

Antedote for magnesium toxicity

A

Calcium Gluconate

39
Q

neuro protectant; relaxes smooth muscles; anticonvulsant

A

magnesium sulfate

MED SURG 2 (12 decks)

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