Pharm: Module 8 Sympathetic/Parasympathetic

Question 1

describe sympathetic

Answer 1

adrenergic receptors
energize
fight or flight 
increased HR and RR
alpha and beta receptors

Question 2

describe parasympathetic

Answer 2

cholinergic receptors
stabilize
nicotinic/muscarinic receptors

Question 3

enhance

Answer 3

agonist

Question 4

block (opposite effect)

Answer 4

antagonist

Question 5

describe alpha 1 adrenergic agonist receptors

Answer 5

increase cardiac contractility and vasoconstriction
dilates pupils, decreases salivary gland secretion
increase bladder and prostate contraction

Question 6

describe alpha 2 adrenergic agonist receptors

Answer 6

inhibits norepinephrine release
promotes vasodilation and decreases BP
decreases GI motility and tone

Question 7

describe beta 1 adrenergic agonist receptors

Answer 7

increase cardiac contractility and HR

increaser renin secretion and BP

Question 8

describe beta 2 adrenergic agonist receptors

Answer 8

decrease GI tone and motility
bronchodilation
increase blood flow to skeletal muscles
relaxes SM of uterus
activates liver glycogenolysis(increase of BG)

Question 9

directly stimulate receptor

Answer 9

direct acting

ie/ epinephrine

Question 10

is epinephrine selective or nonselective

Answer 10

nonselective
alpha 1 (increase in BP), beta 1 (increase HR), beta 2 (bronchodilation)

Question 11

what are the cautions associated with epinephrine

Answer 11

cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, pregnancy

Question 12

what is epinephrine used for

Answer 12

anaphylaxis, anaphylactic shock, bronchospasms, asystole, cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, asthma attack

Question 13

side effects of epinephrine

Answer 13

palpitations, tachycardia, insomnia, hyperglycemia

Question 14

drug interactions of epinephrine

Answer 14

beta blocker (decrease action), digoxin (dysrhythmias), and TCAS/MAOIS (intensify action)

Question 15

nursing interventions for epinephrine

Answer 15

monitor BP, HR, urine output

avoid adrenergic nasal spray and cold meds

Question 16

is albuterol selective or nonselective

Answer 16

selective

acts on Beta 2

Question 17

what does albuterol promote

Answer 17

bronchodilation

relaxes muscles in airways and increases air flow to lungs

Question 18

what is albuterol used for

Answer 18

bronchospasm, asthma, bronchitis, COPD

Question 19

what is cautioned with albuterol

Answer 19

hypertension, diabetes, pregnancy, renal dysfunction

Question 20

side effects of albuterol

Answer 20

similar to epinephrine(Beta 1 stimulation)

tremors, tachycardia, palpitations, dysrhythmias

Question 21

drug interactions with albuterol

Answer 21

potentiates alcohol and other sedative drugs
give at low first dose to avoid hypotension
discontinue gradually

Question 22

is psudoenephrine selective or nonselective

Answer 22

nonselective agonist

works on Alpha 1, Alpha 2, and Beta 1

Question 23

what is psudoenephrine used as

Answer 23

nasal decongestive (nasal spray)
localized
not given more than 3 days

Question 24

who is not recommended to take psudoenephrine as a pill

Answer 24

hypertensive and cardiac patients because the pill is systemic

Question 25

describe adrenergic antagonists

Answer 25

block effects of adrenergic neurotransmitter
block alpha and beta receptor sites
opposite effects of agonists

Question 26

describe alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist receptor

Answer 26

vasodilation, dizziness
orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia
suppresses ejaculation
decrease in contraction of SM

Question 27

describe beta 1 adrenergic antagonist receptor

Answer 27

decrease in cardiac contractility and pulse

Question 28

describe beta 2 adrenergic antagonist receptor

Answer 28

bronchoconstriction, contracts uterus, inhibits glycogenolysis

Question 29

is prazosin selective or nonselective

Answer 29

selective for alpha 1 receptors

alpha blocker

Question 30

what is prazosin used to treat

Answer 30

HTN< benign prostatic hypertrophy

Question 31

side effects of prazosin

Answer 31

hypotension, tachycardia, inhibition of ejaculation

Question 32

what is important to know about prazosin

Answer 32

fall risk due to dropping BP