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Nursing school pt 3 > Pharm II-Exam 2 > Flashcards

Pharm II-Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Major neurotransmitter affecting psychopathology
  2. Describe Serotonin
  3. What are psychiatric agents
A
  1. GABA (anxiety, Serotonin, Dopamine
  2. sleep wakeful, mood, delusions, hallucination, interaction w/ others
  3. treat chemical imbalances in the brain
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2
Q
  1. Things psychosis can contribute to
  2. Theory behind psychosis
  3. What is the major cateogry of psychosis
A
  1. coping everyday life, difficult processing info, schizophrenia
  2. Dopamine imbalance
  3. Schizophrenia, Chronic (college age)
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3
Q
  1. +Schizo, exageration of normal function
  2. -Schizo- loff of function/motivation. Chronic/Persis
  3. What is the action of antipsychotics
A
  1. agitation, delusion, pranoia, hallucination, incoherent speech
  2. poor self care, poverty of speech, social withdrawal, lack of motivation
  3. Block doapime receptors in the brain
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4
Q
  1. First generation antipsychotic
  2. 3 Groups of Phenothiazines
  3. Side effects of (Aliphatic) Chlorpromazine
A
  1. Phenothiazines- more side effects
  2. Aliphatic, Piperazine, Piperidine
  3. sedation, orthostatic hypotension, EPS (pseudopariksonism)
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5
Q
  1. (Piperazine) Fluphenazine Side Effects
  2. (Piperidine) Mesoridazine Besylate SE
  3. A nonphenothiazine
A
  1. low sedation, strong antiemetic, severe EPS, Akathisia (constant moving about)
  2. Strong sedation, hypotension, few EPS effects
  3. Haloperidol
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6
Q
  1. How does fluphenazine used for?
  2. What can happen if yout ake with alcohol or CNS depressants?
  3. If you take it with Kava kava what can happen
A
  1. Schizophrenia
  2. Increase depression
  3. increase EPS
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7
Q
  1. What should you educate regarding Fluphenazine?
  2. What is Haloperidol used for
  3. When is Haloperidol contraindicated?
A
  1. need to take med their entire life, non compliance is common
  2. Chronic psychosis, dementia, schizo, tourette’s
  3. glaucoma, sedation, liver, kidney CV disease, blood dyscrasias
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8
Q
  1. What is a side effect of all antipsychotic drugs?
  2. Halperidol SE
  3. What happens if you take this with alcohol
A
  1. Agranulocytosis, monitor CBC
  2. sedation, headache seizures, EPS, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, dysrhythmias
  3. increased sedation
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9
Q
  1. What happens if you take Haloperidol with anticholinergics
  2. What drugs can decrease the effects of Haloperidol
  3. Factors of EPS Syndrome
A
  1. increased toxicity
  2. Phenobarbital, carbamazepine, caffeine
  3. Pseudoparkinsonism, Acute dystonia, Akathisia, Tardive Dyskinesia
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10
Q
  1. What is Tardive Dyskineisa
  2. neuroleptic malignant syndrome S/Sx
  3. Nursing intervention
A
  1. chewing, sucking motions, protrustion of the tongue
  2. rigid, fever, bp fluctation, rhabdomyolosis (renal failure), respiratory failure
  3. Stop taking the drug, administer fluids
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11
Q
  1. How do you tx NMS?
  2. Name Atypical Antipsychotics
  3. What does aripiprazole do?
A
  1. withdrawal of antipsychotics, antipyretics, hypothermic blankets, benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants
  2. Clazapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Ziparasidone, Aripiprazole
  3. Wired, Antidepressant, antipsychotic
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12
Q
  1. Advantes of Atypical Antipsychotics?
  2. Action of atypicals?
  3. Side Effects of Clozapine?
A
  1. treats positive and neg symptoms schizo, less likely to cause EPS or dardive dyskinesia
  2. block serotonin and dopaminergic D4 receptors.
  3. Weight Gain, Diabetes, agranulocytosis
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13
Q
  1. This drug is an atypical antipsychotic that does not cause agranulocytosis OR EPS.
  2. What SE does it cause
  3. Risperidone is an atyp antipsych drug, what are SE’s
A
  1. Olanzapine
  2. Restless leg syndrome, insomnia, dizzy, headaches
  3. EPS, seizures, orthostatic hypotension, hyperglycemia, weight gain, tachycardia, u.reteion
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14
Q
  1. What does risperidone do to antihtn’s
  2. What drug decreases rispridone?
  3. If you take risperidone with cisapride what can it cause?
A
  1. increase effects
  2. carbamazepine
  3. dysrhthmias
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15
Q
  1. What does Aripiprazole do?
  2. What is it used for?
  3. What are some side effects
A
  1. stabilizes dopamine, also interferes with seritonin
  2. schizo, bipolar, major depressive
  3. headache, agitation, anxiety, insomnia, N/V
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16
Q
  1. What drug should you give Ztrack Im using large gague needle
  2. How long does it take antipsychotics to become effective?
  3. How long a=can antipsychotic stay in plastic syringe?
A
  1. Haloperidol
  2. 3 to 6 weeks
  3. within 15 mintues.
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17
Q
  1. What drugs are used to treat short term anxiety (primary)
  2. Why is long term anxiety not treated with meds?
  3. What is an anxiolytic drug?
A
  1. Anxiolytics
  2. tolerance quickly
  3. Benzos
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18
Q
  1. Name some Benzodiazapines
  2. What are the multiple uses for Benzos
  3. How does Lorazepam work (Ativan)
A
  1. Alprazolam, Lorazepam, Diazipam, Librium
  2. Anticonvulsant, Muscle relaxant, sedative, perop, anxiolytic
  3. limbil, thalamic, hypothalamic, inhibits GABA transmission
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19
Q
  1. Side effects of Lorazepam
  2. What drug is used to reverse benzos from sedation, anasthesia or overdose?
  3. How do you deliver Romazicon?
A
  1. confusion, drowzy, restless, hallucination, GI upset
  2. Romaizon
  3. Iv .2 over 15-30 sec, repeat .2 at 1 min intervals
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20
Q
  1. What do anxiolytics do to phenytoin levels (anticonvulsant)
  2. What do anxiolytics do to levodopa effects (antiparkinson)
  3. What does smoking do to anziolytics?
A
  1. Increase
  2. Decrease
  3. Decrease
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21
Q
  1. How long does withrawal develop with Anxiolytics?
  2. Symptoms
  3. How long does therapeutic response take?
  4. How long should they take it?
A
  1. 2-10 days, may last weeks
  2. Tremors, sweating, insomnia, anorexia, muscle cramps
  3. 1 to 2 weeks
  4. 2 to 4 months. (no more)
22
Q
  1. What is the proper tecnique for discontinueing anxiolytics?
  2. What is the most common disorder?
  3. What is reactive depression?
A
  1. ween
  2. Depression
  3. death of a loved one, sudden onset
23
Q
  1. What is major depression?
  2. What is bipolar depression?
  3. Patho behind depression
A
  1. Loss of interest in work or home, inability to complete tasks
  2. euphoric to depressive
  3. insufficient monamine (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine)
24
Q
  1. What causes post partum depression
  2. Name an antidepressant Tricyclics
  3. How does Amitriptyline work?
A
  1. drop in estrogen and progesterone after delivery
  2. Amitriptyline
  3. increases effect of norepi and serotonin in the brain, blocks histamine receptors, anticholinergic
25
Q
  1. What does Amitriptyline do to insomnia?
  2. What type of depression is it used for?
  3. What happens if you take it with -thiazine or haloperidol?
A
  1. Decreases
  2. Major- increases interest in ADL’s
  3. increased sedation and anticholinergic effects
26
Q
  1. Major SE of Tricyclics?
  2. How long does it take to see effects?
  3. Examples of SSRIs
A
  1. urinary retention, weight gain, orthostatic hypotension, EPS, agranulocytosis
  2. 4 wks
  3. Fluozetine, Sertraline, Paroxetine, Escitalopram
27
Q
  1. What are SSRI’s used for?
  2. Name the drug used for OCD?
  3. What foods to avoid with SSRI
A
  1. Major depression, anxiety, migrain headaches, N/V
  2. Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
  3. Citrus
28
Q
  1. SSRI SE’s
  2. How long does it take before side effects subside?
  3. Mothers at risk for severe post partum depression, psychosis
A
  1. suicidal ideation, tremors, insomnia, GI, seizures.
  2. 2 to 4 weeks
  3. depression, bipolar
29
Q
  1. A typical Antidepressants?
  2. How do they work?
  3. What can you not use these with?
A
  1. Amoxapine, Bupropion, Venlafaxine
  2. affect 1 or 2 of the 3 neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepi, dopamine)
  3. Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors
30
Q
  1. Name an MOA inhibitor drug?
  2. What does it do?
  3. What is it used for
  4. This drug can cause a hypertensive crisis if taken with?
A
  1. Isocarboxazid
  2. inactivates norepi, dopamine, epi and serotonin
  3. Depressed not controlled by TCS
  4. Tyramine (cheese, coffee, cream, yogurt, liver, yeas, chocoalte, beer, red wine)
31
Q
  1. When should antidepressants be taken?
  2. What herbs may interact with antidepressants?
  3. What drugs are used to treat bipolar disorder
A
  1. At bedtime
  2. st John’s wort, ginseng
  3. Mood stabilizers
32
Q
  1. Name mood stabilizer drugs
  2. What drugs can also be used with antidepressants and benzos?
  3. How do mood stabilizer work?
A
  1. Lithium, Valproid Acid
  2. Antipsychotic drugs
  3. increase receptor sensitivity to serotonin
33
Q
  1. These drugs may increase lithium levels?
  2. Major SE of lithium
  3. Normal levels of lithium?
A
  1. thiazides, methyldopa, haloperidol, NSAIDS, antidepressants, Theophylline, phenothiazines
  2. Monitor electroyles, polyuria, glycosuria, d.insipidus, agranulocytosis. Monitor sodium
  3. 0.5-1.5 mEq/L
34
Q
  1. Patient ed regardin lithium
  2. How is Fluoxetine (Prozac) initially ordered?
  3. What is the maxium increase dose?
A
  1. Id bracelet, take 1-2 weeks, crash diets, NSAIDS, diuretics
  2. 20 mg in the morning
  3. 80 mg
35
Q
  1. Lithium signs of toxicity
  2. Antipsychotics do what to the CNS
  3. Antidepressants do what to the CNS
A
  1. vomiting, diarrhea, slurred speech, dec coordination, twitching
  2. Depress
  3. Stimulate
36
Q
  1. What is the name of the bacteria that causes acne?’
  2. What does it do?
A
  1. P. Acnes, Anerobic
  2. Converts sebum into irritant fatty acid
37
Q
  1. Types of lesions you might see with mild acne?
  2. Types of lesion you might see with moderate acne?
  3. Severe Acne
A
  1. Comedones (Blackheads), noniflammatory lesions
  2. Papules, Pustules
  3. Cystic
38
Q
  1. This is a bactericidal agent against P. Acnes, does not promote resistance
  2. What type of acne is it used for?
  3. What does keratolytic effect mean?
A
  1. Benzoyl Peroxide (cream lotion, gel or wash)
  2. Mild to moderate-
  3. helps dry out and shed the outer layer of the epidermis (sloughs)
39
Q
  1. How should you use benzoyl peroxide
  2. This topical drug is used to treat mild/moderate acne and takes 6-12 weeks for a response?
  3. It has an antibacterial action as well as..
A
  1. Gradually increase max 3x/day if tolerated
  2. Clindamycin, Erythromycin
  3. Antiinflammatory
40
Q
  1. What type of acne is topical retinoid used for?
  2. How long should you wait to apply to the skin after washing face?
  3. Newer formulation may have less intense effects, what are they?
A
  1. Moderate-Severe, 2nd and 3rd line therapy
  2. 20-30 minutes, very irritating!
  3. Avita, and Retin-A Micro
41
Q
  1. If topical treatments do not work what is the next step?
  2. Name some systemic antibiotics
  3. What are alternative to these
A
  1. Systemic Antibiotics, used in combo with topical retinoid
  2. Minoclycine, doxycycline (must be >12 yrs)
  3. Tetracycline/Erythromycin (tetra- discolors teeth)
42
Q
  1. How long does it take for systemic antibiotics to have maximum benefits?
  2. What happens when symptoms are controlled
  3. How long is Acne treated with Isortretinoin
A
  1. 3-6 months, but good results
  2. Switch to a topical antibiotic for long-term maintenance
  3. 20 weeks
43
Q
  1. If a 2nd course is needed for Isotretinoin, how long should patient wait before starting?
  2. What is a major SE of Acutane
  3. SE of acutane
A
  1. 8 weeks
  2. elevated triglycerides (alcohol makes worse)
  3. mood changes, depression and suicide
44
Q
  1. What drugs increase risk for toxicity with Accutane?
  2. What is required before before prescribing and refills?
  3. What else is required
A
  1. Tetracyclines Vitamin A supplements
  2. 2 neg preg tests (1 mnth before and 1 mnth after)
  3. 2 forms of contraceptive
45
Q
  1. What is found in males taking accutane
  2. Can you donate blood whilte taking this?
A
  1. isotretinoin in semen (so they shouldn’t be taking while trying to conceive)
  2. NO!
46
Q
  1. Thorazine - antipsychotic- what is a can it cause?
  2. Antipsychotic assessment if its working?
  3. What is more likely to cause EPS?
A
  1. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.
  2. PQRST
  3. Haldol
47
Q
  1. Lithium labs
  2. Action for tardy kyskinesia
  3. Drugs that take 6-12 weeks to work
A
  1. liver, BUN, Electrolyes, levels
  2. Stop the med, contact provider
  3. antidepressant, topical clindomycin
48
Q
  1. 1 lb = (Oz?)
  2. 1 lb=(kg?)
  3. Drop factor Formula
A
  1. 16 Oz
  2. 2.2 kg
  3. Volume/Time x Drop Factor = flow rate
49
Q
  1. Calculating Dosage formula
  2. 1 oz, how manly mLs
  3. 1 tsp, how many mL?
  4. 1 tbsp
A
  1. Desire/Available x amount
  2. 30
  3. 5
  4. 15
50
Q
  1. Tripyline SE’s
  2. Prozac SE’s
A
  1. Suicide, lethargy, sedation, dysrhythmia
  2. neuroleptic malignant syndrome, insomnia, drowsy, anxiety, seizure

Nursing school pt 3 (13 decks)

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