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Nursing school pt 3 > Antineoplastic Agents > Flashcards

Antineoplastic Agents Flashcards

1
Q
  1. When do cell cycle nonspecific drugs act?
  2. Types of CCNS
  3. What drug is most effective against rapidly growing cancers
A
  1. any phase of the cycle
  2. alkylating, antitumor antibiotics, hormones
  3. Cell cycle specific drugs
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2
Q
  1. Types of CCS
  2. General side effects of chemo
A
  1. Antimetabolites, mitotic inhibitors
  2. rapidly growing normal cells, GI tract, mucuous membranes, bone marrow, reproductive system
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3
Q
  1. Hod to Alkylating Drugs work
  2. What type of cancers
  3. How does it affect DNA
A
  1. prevent cell division
  2. Acute/Chronic Leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, solid tumors
  3. cross-linking, abnormal base pairing, DNA stand breaks
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4
Q
  1. Alkylating Agent Types x7
  2. Name an Alkylsulfonate drug?
  3. Name a Nitrosoureas drug
A
  1. Mustard Gad, Ethylenimine, Alkylsulfonates, Hyrazines, Triazines, Nitrosoureas, Metal Salts
  2. Busulfan
  3. Carmustine
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5
Q
  1. SE’s of alkylating agents
  2. What type of drug is Cyclophosphamide?
A
  1. N/V, hemorhhagi cystitis, alopecia (balding), anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, bone marrow suppresion, secondary malignancies, sterilitisy
  2. Alkylating
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6
Q
  1. How is Cyclophsphamide givent?
  2. What can it cause?
  3. How does the GI absorb it?
A
  1. Oral or IV
  2. blistering, vesicant
  3. well
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7
Q
  1. Side effect of Cyclophophamide
  2. How do antimetabolites work?
  3. Types of cancer its used for?
A
  1. Hemorrhagic cystitis (blood in urine)
  2. specific, disrupt metabolic processes and inhibit enzyme synthesis
  3. leukemia, breast, head/neck, lung, osteosarcoma, nonHodkin’s lymphoma
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8
Q
  1. Antimetabolite classess
A
  • folic acid antagonist
  • pyrimidine antagonist
  • purine antagonist
  • adenosien deaminase inhibitor
  • ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor
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9
Q
  1. Name an antimetabolite drug
  2. How is it given?
  3. What does it do?
A
  1. Fluorouracil (5-FU), Adrucil
  2. IV, topical
  3. blocks DNA and RNA synthesis
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10
Q
  1. How do antitumor antibiotics work?
  2. Types of antitumor antibiotics?
  3. Specific or Nonspecific?
A
  1. inhibit protein and RNA synthesis, bind DNA causing fragmentation
  2. anthracycline, chromomycin
  3. Nonspecific
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11
Q
  1. Types of cancers antitumor antibiotics treat?
  2. Name an antitumor antibiotic?
  3. What is it?
A
  1. Leukemia, solid tumors, various others
  2. Doxorubicin
  3. prototype drug
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12
Q
  1. SE’s of doxorubicin?
  2. How is it given
  3. what is the maximum lifetime dose
A
  1. cardiotoxic
  2. IV
  3. mg/m2
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13
Q
  1. What do plant alkaloids do?
  2. Specific or nonspecific
  3. Types of Plant Alkaloids
A
  1. Block cell division at the Mphase of cell cycle
  2. specific
  3. Vinca, antimicrotubule, taxanes, paclitaxel
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14
Q
  1. Hormonal Agents
  2. What do sex hormones do?
  3. What do gonatropins do
A
  1. Steroids, Sex hormones, Antiestrogens, Aromatase inhibitor, Gonadotropin, Antiandrogen
  2. Slow grown of hormone-dependent tumors
  3. releasing hormone analogues
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15
Q
  1. Types of targeted therapy drugs? x7
A
  • Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
  • multikinase inhibitor
  • epidermal growth factor/receptor inhibitor
  • vascular endothelial growth factor/receptor inhibitor
  • proteasome inhibitor
  • angiogensis inhibitor
  • monoclonal antibodies
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16
Q
  1. How do Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors work?
  2. Examples
  3. How is it administered?
A
  1. directly inhibit SRC kinase, inhibit cell division
  2. Imatinin mesylate, dasatinib
  3. Oral
17
Q
  1. Side effects of Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors
  2. What do multikinase inhibitors do?
  3. Examples of multikinase inhibitors
A
  1. electrolyte imbalance (phosphorus, calcium), EKG abnormal, Fluid retention
  2. inhibit kinases in carrier cells and in cancer vasculatures
  3. Sorafenib, Sunitinib
18
Q
  1. Adverse Effects of Multikinase inhibitors
  2. How do Epidermal Growth Factors work
  3. Examples
A
  1. HTN, CV, GI, neurmuscular (sunitinib)
  2. bind to areas of the epiderma receptor, block activity- inhibit tyrosine kinase
  3. Erlotinib, gefitinib, panitumumab, cetuximab, trastuzumab
19
Q
  1. How do Vascular Endothelial work?
  2. How is it administered?
  3. Examples?
A
  1. bind to VEGF, preventing bind with receptor, reducing microvascular growth and inhibit metastatis disease progression.
  2. IV
  3. Bevacizumab (Avastin)
20
Q
  1. How do proteasome inhibitors work?
  2. Examples
  3. How is it administered?
A
  1. Suppress cancer cell division, promotes apoptosis
  2. Bortezomib
  3. IV
21
Q
  1. How do angiogenesis inhibitors work
  2. how is it administered
  3. Examples
A
  1. inhibit formation of blood vessels needed for tumor growth and metastases
  2. IV
  3. Tensirolimus
22
Q
  1. Adverse effects of angiogenesis inhibitors?
  2. How do monoclonal antibodies work?
  3. Examples
A
  1. hypersensitivity reactions
  2. exert effect on specific cell membrane surface proteins, inactive the cancer cell
  3. Alemtuzumab, Ibritumomab, Tositumomab
23
Q
  1. How are monoclona antibodies administered?
  2. Biologic Response Modifier Types
  3. How do they work
A
  1. IV
  2. Interferons, Colony stimulating, Interleukins, Monoclonal antibodies
  3. enhance immuno function, interfere w/ tumor activity, promote differentiation of stem cells
24
Q
  1. How do interferons work?
  2. What category is it not listed as?
  3. It acts on these cells
A
  1. regulate immune system to improve resistant to invading microbes
  2. antineoplastic
  3. Alpha, Beta, Gamma
25
Q
  1. SE’s of Interferons?
A
  1. GI distress, irritabilitym confusion, sleepy, seizures, psychosis, transient aphasia, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension
26
Q
  1. What do colony stimulating factors do?
  2. Benefits
  3. What types of cells does it enhance
A
  1. stimulate the growth and fiferentiation of bone marrow stem cells
  2. Decrease leangth of posttx netropenia, permit higher doses of drugs, reduce bone marrow recovery time
  3. macrophage, granulocyte= viruses and fungus destroying
27
Q
  1. What can colony stimulating factors prevent
  2. What do erythropoeitin agents do
  3. Examples
A
  1. severe thrombocytopenia
  2. stimulate RBC production
  3. Epoetin alfa, darbapoetin alfa
28
Q
  1. Side effects of Erythropoeitin agents
  2. Examples of granulocyte colony factors
  3. What do granulocyte-macrophage colony factors do?
A
  1. Cardio with high hgb levels
  2. fligrastim, pegfilgrastim
  3. stimulate survival, clonal expression, differentiation of hematopoeitic progenitor cells
29
Q
  1. Example of Granulocyte Macrophage
  2. Thrombopoietic growth factor does what?
  3. Give an example
A
  1. Sagramostim
  2. stimulate megakaryocyte and thrombocyte production
  3. Opralvekin
30
Q
  1. Interleukin-2 does what
  2. Give an example
  3. Keratinocyte Growth Factor does what
A
  1. Antitumor activity in renal cell carcinoma and malignatn melanoma
  2. Proleukin
  3. decrease the duration of severe oral mucositis
31
Q
  1. Give an example of Keratinocyte Growth FActor
A
  1. Palifermin

Nursing school pt 3 (13 decks)

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