NR 463- Exam 3 Flashcards
1
Q
- How long should aspirin be discontinue prior to procedure
- What position should patient be with spinal anasthesia
- Name drug types during pre-op
A
- 2 weeks
- lie flat 6-8 hours
- anticholinergics, antidiabetics, antiemetics, benzos, antibiotics, b-blockers, histamines, opioids
2
Q
- How long should patient be on clear liquids prior to procedure
- how long for breast milk pre procedure
- how long for non human mil pre procedure
- light meal?
- reg meal?
A
- 2 hrs
- 4hrs
- 6hrs
- 6hrs
- 8hrs
3
Q
- Whan can anxiety to do patient outcome
- What are you evaluation pre-op
- What are psychoscoial concerns?
A
- impair cognitions, decision making and coping
- psychoscial cultural chart, id, consent. (not critical care setting). Lab results
- situational changes, concerns of unknown, body image, past experiences, knowledge deficit
4
Q
- What does ABC/Pulse ox measure
- What does blood glucose measure
- what does BUN/Creatnine measure
A
- resp/metabolic function, ox status
- metabolic, diabetes mellitus
- renal function
5
Q
- Respiratory Xray measures
- CBC measures
- EKG measures
A
- pulmonary disorders, cardiac enlargement
- Anemia, Immune Status, infection
- cardiac disease, dysrhythmias
6
Q
- Electrolytes measure
- hCG measures
- Serum Albumin
- Urinalysis
A
- metabolic, renal, diuretic SE’s
- pregnancy
- nutrition
- renal, hydration, UTI
7
Q
- What do you need to have ready for pre-op prep
- What do you need to inform patient regarding room temp
- What do you need to inform patient regarding bed in OR
A
- ID bands, allergies, phys exam, IV epidural, Informed consent (blood/procedure). Vitals, Surgical site marked, NPO since.., Voided/Cath time. Belongings
- OR will be cold
- Will be narrow
8
Q
- Inform patient of what they will hear in OR
- What will you doo pre-procedure
- What should you tell the caregiver
A
- machines will be heard
- vitals, pain control, TCDB, IV lines, Anesthesia dmin, surg site marked.
- can sstay in preop holding area, will be able to see patient from recovery when awake, questions
9
Q
- Rationale behind positioning during procedure
- What is the most common position during procedure?
- What is prone position used for during procedure?
A
- correct MSK alignment, pressure on extremities, thoracic excursion, prevent occlusion of arteries/veins, modesty, previous pains, aches.
- Supine- abdomen, heart or breast
- back surgery (laminectomy)
10
Q
- How does anestesia affect vessels?
- Why is positioning important
- Checks/Assessment intra-op
A
- peripheral vessels to dilate
- affects where pooling of blood will occur
- LOC, skin integrity, mobility, emotional status/functional limitation, equip ready
11
Q
- Intra/Op Implementation
- Where should provider stand during procedure
- What should a team member communicate during procedure
A
- Integrity of sterile field, Count, Position, prevent chem injury from prep solutions, safe use of electrical equip, safe med admin, changes in vitals, blood loss, urine output
- Near patient
- patient’s status
12
Q
- Intra-op Evaluation
- What does the clinic unit evaluate?
- What does the home unit evalute?
A
- response to intervention, ABCs, vitals, LOC. Safe med
- effecrtiveness of nursing care in OR. Patient’s satisfaction, psych status, discharge planning
- patient’s perception of surgery, cargiver’s
13
Q
- Circulating nurse role
A
- prep rm, ensure equipment available, aseptic technique, mech/elec equipment, pt phys/emo status, info from chart, devices/lines, transferring, induction of anesthesia, view draping procedure, Time out. prep/label blood. Blood/urine outpus. Records meds used. Count. goes w/ pt to PACU. Hand off
14
Q
- Scrube Nurse Role
A
- Hand/Arm scrub down. Gowns self and others. instrument table, organied equipment. Draping. Time out. Count of sponges, needles, instruments. Aseptic technique. Irrigation solutions used to cacl blood loss. Verifies meds used by surgeon
15
Q
- What is always hooked up during intra op
- Complications during procedure
A
- EKG, BP cuff, Pulse Ox
- anaphylactic response, malignant hyperthermia, hemorrhage, cardiac arrest
16
Q
- S/Sx of malignant hyperthermia
- What is the emergent drug therapy?
A
- Tachypnea, hypercarbia, dysrhythmia, hyperthermia with rigidity, altered ctrl of calcium
- Dantrolene
17
Q
- Types of anestesia x4
- What types of agents are used for gen anestesia
- What does it require
A
- General, Regional, Monitored, Conscious
- inhalation
- Advanced airway MGMT, knocked out
18
Q
- What does gen anestesia eliminate?
- Define regional anestesia
- How is local anestesia administered
A
- coughing, gagging, vomiting, SNS response
- loss of sensation at region of body, not loss of consciousness
- topically, infiltration, intraQ, subQ, nebulized
19
Q
- What is conscious sedation used for?
- What are their capabilities?
A
- minor procedures
- can breathe without assistance, no impairment of airways.
20
Q
- Respiratory complications post op
- Heart Complication
A
- atelectasis, pulmonary edema, hypoventilation, hypoxemia, pneumonia
- Hypotension
21
Q
- Hypotension priority response?
A
- O2
- Inspect Incision
- IV fluid bolusdrug intervention/vasoconstrictors.
22
Q
- PACU hypertension tx
- Actions for dysrhythmias?
- If a patient wakes up with thrashing/disoriented what should you suspect first?
A
- SNS depression, analgesics, voiding, correct respiratory probs, drug therapy
- Correct it directly.
- Hypoxia, then hypoxemia.
23
Q
- What is the cause of delayed emergence?
- How do they resolve
A
- prolonged drug action?
- on their own
24
Q
- Signs of pain when patient can’t tell you
- How can you intervene for pain
A
- diaphoresis, restless, change in vitals
- IV opioids using epi cath, PCA, or regional anesthetic blockade.
25
Q
- What is passive warming (PACU)
- What is active warming (PaCU)
- Why do you need oxygen when a patient is cold?
- How can you treat shivering
A
- warm blankets, socks, limit skin exposure
- forced air, heated water mattress, humidified oxygen, warmed IV fluids
- increased demand caused by shivering.
- Opioids
26
Q
- When can NPO status return
- What interventions are necessary when NPO
- What intervention for abdominal distention
A
- gag reflex or peristalsis
- IV iinfusions, oral care (particulary with NG tube)
- ambulation
27
Q
- How do you assess peristalsis return?
- What position can help with gas?
- How long does it take for infections to appear
A
- are you passing gas?
- On right side gas rises along transverse colon and aids release.
- 48 hours
28
Q
- What is #1 assessment for hypovolemic shock?
- Proper technique for post op mobilization
- Manifestation of a patient’s tongue falling back
A
- Blood pressure
- slow changes in position, avoid ortho hypotension
- Snoring, use of accessory muscles, decreased air movement
29
Q
- What are manifestation of a patient with retained secretions?
- Manifestations of laryngospasms
- Manifestation of atelactasis
A
- noisy respiration, coarse crackles
- inspiratory stridor
- dec breath sounds, dec O2
30
Q
- Manifestation of pulmonary edema
- Manifestation of PE
- Manifestation of Aspiration
A
- dec O2, crackles, infiltrates on xray
- tachypnea, hypotension, bronchospasms
- unexplained tachypnea, bronchospasms dec O2, atelactasis, alveolar hemorrhage, respiratory failure
31
Q
- Manifestation of bronchospasms
- Interventions for tongue
- Interventions for secretions in mouth
A
- Wheezing, dyspnea, tachypnea, dec O2
- head tilt, jaw thrust
- Suction, TCDV, IV, Chest therapy
32
Q
- Interventions for Laryngosasm
- Interventions for Laryngeal edema
- Interventions for Atelactasis
A
- O2 therapy, positive pressure ventilate, IV muscle relaxant, lidocain, steroids
- O2, antihis, steroids, sedative, intubate
- humidified O2, DB, IS, early mobilization
33
Q
- Pulmonary Edema interventions
- PE interventions
- Aspiration interventions
A
- O@, diuretics, fluid restriction
- O2, Cardiopulmonary support, anticoagulant
- O2, cardiac, antibiotics
34
Q
- Order of operation for post op assessment x8
- What do you assess in the airway?
A
- Airway, Breathing, Circ, Neuro, Gastro, GU, Surgical Site, Pain
- e tube, mask, oral/nasal airway
35
Q
- What do you assess for breathing?
- Circulatory assesment
- Neuro assessment
A
- Resper, Quality, listen, pulse ox, O2
- EKG, BP, Temp, Cap refill, color peripheral pulses
- LOC, orientation, sensory, motor, pupil size