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Pharmacology > pharm final > Flashcards

pharm final Flashcards

1
Q

What is medwatch?

A

FDA conducted program to enhance effectiveness of surveillance of drugs and medical products

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2
Q

When is ginko biloba specifically contraindicated?

A

warfarin therapy

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3
Q

What med is an alternative to morphine?

A

Fentanyl. No cross allergenicity in pt’s w/ true hypersensitivity to morphine.

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4
Q

What is phase IV trials?

A

after drug has hit market when it is released on limited basis, then more widespread.

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5
Q

What drug is used for UTI prophylaxis?

A

nitrofurantoin 100 qd

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6
Q

What effect does pregnancy have on renal function

A

increase in renal function due to increased fluid volume that can cause decreased serum concentration

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7
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

how drug is absorbed distributed and eliminated–what body does to drug

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8
Q

What is the PQRST mnemonic for assessing pain?

A

precipitating, palliating, quality, region, radiation, severity, temporal pattern

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9
Q

What is first line therapy for primary open angle glaucoma?

A

prostaglandins or beta blockers if pt cannot afford prostaglandins

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10
Q

What is recommended daily dose of amoxicillin in peds?

A

80-90mg/kg

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11
Q

What drugs are safe for seasonal allergies in pregnant women?

A

claritin

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12
Q

What antibiotic is recommended in pcn allergy in prego women?

A

cephalexin

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13
Q

what is first line therapy for tinea capitus?

A

griseofulvin 500bid for 6-8wks

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14
Q

What are common symptoms of blepharitis?

A

increased tearing, blinking, photophobia, eyelid sticking, eyelid margins red greasy and crusted, missing eye lashes

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15
Q

What is first line treatment for blepharitis??

A

erythromycin 0.5% ointment

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16
Q

What is first line therapy for Otitis Externa?

A

ofloxacin 10gtts daily for 10 days

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17
Q

What is possible first line therapy for skin infection/cellulitis?

A

Keflex 500 q6hrs

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18
Q

WHat is the treatment of choice for tinea unguium?

A

Sporonox

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19
Q

What is the difference b/t perennial and annual allergies?

A

perennial is there year round such as animal dander. annual would be seasonal.

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20
Q

What is treatment for varicella zoster <72hrs old?

A

valacyclovir 1gm tidx 7 days

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21
Q

WHat is first line tx for severe pruritic discomfort

A

triamcinolone

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22
Q

what is the sliding scale for newly dx’d DM on insulin?

A

Start at 10U and add 2U if >120, 4U if >140, 6U if >180

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23
Q

How does metformin work?

A

increases insulin action in peripheral dissue and ingibits hepatic glucose production

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24
Q

When are NSAIDS used in RA?

A

Prior to confirming diagnosis-then change to DMARD.

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25
Q

Is warfarin the drug of choice for treating DVT?

A

NO. Does not have any effect on existing thrombus.

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26
Q

who should receive folate supplementation?

A

patients with Hemoglobin H–thalassemia

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27
Q

what is mainstay of treatment for sickle cell?

A

hydroxurea

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28
Q

Is hydrochlorquine (for RA) contraindicated in prego?

A

no

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29
Q

what is first line therapy for RA?

A

NSAIDS

30
Q

what is first line therapy for OA?

A

apap

31
Q

WHat is first line tx for pt’s with panic disorder et h/o etoh abuse?

A

paroxetine

32
Q

What is a common cause of gastroenteritis in children younger than 5?

A

Rotavirus

33
Q

What class is albuterol

A

beta2 adrenergic agonist

34
Q

What is the best treatment for pt w/ chronic bronchitis who is not getting relief from short acting bronchodialators?

A

combivent

35
Q

What is most common pathogen in community acquired pneumonia?

A

strep pneumonia

36
Q

What is first line tx for Community acquired pneumonia?

A

cephalosporin or betalactamase. Zithromycin if allergic

37
Q

What is virchow’s triad?

A

Is criteria for initiation of drug therapy for hypercoagulable conditions

38
Q

What pt’s have hgb H?

A

thalessemia

39
Q

what should patient’s with hgb H expect?

A

avoiding sulfa drugs, folate supplements, maintain regular transfusion schedules

40
Q

Is hydroxychloroquine safe in prego?

A

Yes but pt shoudl be monitored

41
Q

What is first line therapy for OA? Second line?

A

APAP. NSAIDs

42
Q

What is first line for TIAs?

A

antiplatelets

43
Q

What is first line tx for pt/s with panic disorder on alcohol?

A

paroxetine

44
Q

what is first second third line for tension headache?

A

apap, nsaids, butalbital agents

45
Q

What interacts with TCAs to potentially cause seritonin syndrome?

A

st john’s wort

46
Q

what is safe in prego for migraines?

A

nsaids, apap w/ codeine

47
Q

what is first second third line for migraines?

A

nsaids, asa. OTC caffeine containing compounds. Triptans

48
Q

What is prophylaxis for migraines?

A

propranolol, topiramate

49
Q

What SSRI is ok to use in kids over 8?

A

fluoxetine

50
Q

What is response time for SSRIs?

A

4-6wks

51
Q

How do you treat bacterial vaginosis?

A

metronidazole 500 bid x7 days

52
Q

What is the common tx of h pylori in PUD?

A

clarithromycin 500 bid + amoxicillin 1gm bid, + PPI

53
Q

What class of antiemetics can cause dystonia?

A

Phenothiazines

54
Q

What is the tx for chlamydia in prego?

A

amoxil 500 bid x7 days

55
Q

Which h2a inhibitor reacts w/ many meds?

A

cimetadine

56
Q

what are side effects of too much estrogen?

A

heavy bleeding, cystic breasts, bloating, GI

57
Q

what are side effects of too much progestin?

A

increased appetite, depression, fatigue

58
Q

what is first line tx for UTI?

A

3 days of bactrim Also nitrofurantoin and fluoroquinolones

59
Q

What is used for UTI prophylaxis?

A

bactrim or nitrofurantoin

60
Q

what is first line tx for UTI in prego?

A

cefixime

61
Q

What is first line for mild-mod crohns or UC?

A

aminosalicylates-sulfasalazine, Asacol

62
Q

What differentiates UC from Crohns?

A

granulomas and fistulas only occur in CD

63
Q

What is cutoff for bp tx?

A

140/90

64
Q

What is first line tx for htn?

A

thiazide diuretics

65
Q

What should a pt w/ hgb H (Thalessemia) be aware of?

A

avoid sulfa, take folate, undergo regular transfusions

66
Q

How does glucophage work?

A

increases insulin action in peripheral tissue and reduces hepatic glucose production

67
Q

What is the cornerstone of treatment in patients with moderate persistent asthma?

A

inhaled corticosteroids

68
Q

What are patient applied meds for HPV? Dr. applied?

A

podofilox, imiquimod–podophyllin, trichloroacetic acid

69
Q

what is first line for chlamydial infection?

A

azithromycin or doxycycline

70
Q

what is first line for gonorrhea?

A

cefiximine, ceftriaxone,

71
Q

what should you use for contact dermatitis?

A

Kenalog/triamcinolone

72
Q

What should the newborn of a mom who is HBsAg positive receive?

A

hep b immunization and hep B immunoglobulin

Pharmacology (11 decks)

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