pharm final Flashcards
What is medwatch?
FDA conducted program to enhance effectiveness of surveillance of drugs and medical products
When is ginko biloba specifically contraindicated?
warfarin therapy
What med is an alternative to morphine?
Fentanyl. No cross allergenicity in pt’s w/ true hypersensitivity to morphine.
What is phase IV trials?
after drug has hit market when it is released on limited basis, then more widespread.
What drug is used for UTI prophylaxis?
nitrofurantoin 100 qd
What effect does pregnancy have on renal function
increase in renal function due to increased fluid volume that can cause decreased serum concentration
What is pharmacokinetics?
how drug is absorbed distributed and eliminated–what body does to drug
What is the PQRST mnemonic for assessing pain?
precipitating, palliating, quality, region, radiation, severity, temporal pattern
What is first line therapy for primary open angle glaucoma?
prostaglandins or beta blockers if pt cannot afford prostaglandins
What is recommended daily dose of amoxicillin in peds?
80-90mg/kg
What drugs are safe for seasonal allergies in pregnant women?
claritin
What antibiotic is recommended in pcn allergy in prego women?
cephalexin
what is first line therapy for tinea capitus?
griseofulvin 500bid for 6-8wks
What are common symptoms of blepharitis?
increased tearing, blinking, photophobia, eyelid sticking, eyelid margins red greasy and crusted, missing eye lashes
What is first line treatment for blepharitis??
erythromycin 0.5% ointment
What is first line therapy for Otitis Externa?
ofloxacin 10gtts daily for 10 days
What is possible first line therapy for skin infection/cellulitis?
Keflex 500 q6hrs
WHat is the treatment of choice for tinea unguium?
Sporonox
What is the difference b/t perennial and annual allergies?
perennial is there year round such as animal dander. annual would be seasonal.
What is treatment for varicella zoster <72hrs old?
valacyclovir 1gm tidx 7 days
WHat is first line tx for severe pruritic discomfort
triamcinolone
what is the sliding scale for newly dx’d DM on insulin?
Start at 10U and add 2U if >120, 4U if >140, 6U if >180
How does metformin work?
increases insulin action in peripheral dissue and ingibits hepatic glucose production
When are NSAIDS used in RA?
Prior to confirming diagnosis-then change to DMARD.
Is warfarin the drug of choice for treating DVT?
NO. Does not have any effect on existing thrombus.
who should receive folate supplementation?
patients with Hemoglobin H–thalassemia
what is mainstay of treatment for sickle cell?
hydroxurea
Is hydrochlorquine (for RA) contraindicated in prego?
no
what is first line therapy for RA?
NSAIDS
what is first line therapy for OA?
apap
WHat is first line tx for pt’s with panic disorder et h/o etoh abuse?
paroxetine
What is a common cause of gastroenteritis in children younger than 5?
Rotavirus
What class is albuterol
beta2 adrenergic agonist
What is the best treatment for pt w/ chronic bronchitis who is not getting relief from short acting bronchodialators?
combivent
What is most common pathogen in community acquired pneumonia?
strep pneumonia
What is first line tx for Community acquired pneumonia?
cephalosporin or betalactamase. Zithromycin if allergic
What is virchow’s triad?
Is criteria for initiation of drug therapy for hypercoagulable conditions
What pt’s have hgb H?
thalessemia
what should patient’s with hgb H expect?
avoiding sulfa drugs, folate supplements, maintain regular transfusion schedules
Is hydroxychloroquine safe in prego?
Yes but pt shoudl be monitored
What is first line therapy for OA? Second line?
APAP. NSAIDs
What is first line for TIAs?
antiplatelets
What is first line tx for pt/s with panic disorder on alcohol?
paroxetine
what is first second third line for tension headache?
apap, nsaids, butalbital agents
What interacts with TCAs to potentially cause seritonin syndrome?
st john’s wort
what is safe in prego for migraines?
nsaids, apap w/ codeine
what is first second third line for migraines?
nsaids, asa. OTC caffeine containing compounds. Triptans
What is prophylaxis for migraines?
propranolol, topiramate
What SSRI is ok to use in kids over 8?
fluoxetine
What is response time for SSRIs?
4-6wks
How do you treat bacterial vaginosis?
metronidazole 500 bid x7 days
What is the common tx of h pylori in PUD?
clarithromycin 500 bid + amoxicillin 1gm bid, + PPI
What class of antiemetics can cause dystonia?
Phenothiazines
What is the tx for chlamydia in prego?
amoxil 500 bid x7 days
Which h2a inhibitor reacts w/ many meds?
cimetadine
what are side effects of too much estrogen?
heavy bleeding, cystic breasts, bloating, GI
what are side effects of too much progestin?
increased appetite, depression, fatigue
what is first line tx for UTI?
3 days of bactrim Also nitrofurantoin and fluoroquinolones
What is used for UTI prophylaxis?
bactrim or nitrofurantoin
what is first line tx for UTI in prego?
cefixime
What is first line for mild-mod crohns or UC?
aminosalicylates-sulfasalazine, Asacol
What differentiates UC from Crohns?
granulomas and fistulas only occur in CD
What is cutoff for bp tx?
140/90
What is first line tx for htn?
thiazide diuretics
What should a pt w/ hgb H (Thalessemia) be aware of?
avoid sulfa, take folate, undergo regular transfusions
How does glucophage work?
increases insulin action in peripheral tissue and reduces hepatic glucose production
What is the cornerstone of treatment in patients with moderate persistent asthma?
inhaled corticosteroids
What are patient applied meds for HPV? Dr. applied?
podofilox, imiquimod–podophyllin, trichloroacetic acid
what is first line for chlamydial infection?
azithromycin or doxycycline
what is first line for gonorrhea?
cefiximine, ceftriaxone,
what should you use for contact dermatitis?
Kenalog/triamcinolone
What should the newborn of a mom who is HBsAg positive receive?
hep b immunization and hep B immunoglobulin
