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Mod 6 > Pharm exams > Flashcards

Pharm exams Flashcards

1
Q

T/F Hyponatremia is decrease sodium levels

A

True

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2
Q

T/F the nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney

A

true

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3
Q

T/F uremic pts. require higher does of nephrotoxic medications since nephron is not working at normal capacity so more of the drug needs to be administered to reach therapeutic levels

A

Falst

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4
Q

T/F epakatin is made from the shells of shrimp and crabs

A

True

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5
Q

T/F Baclofen is a very safe drug that can be used to treat urinary retention in dogs since is has a wide margin of safety

A

fasle

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6
Q

T/F adrenaline is another name for epinephrine

A

True

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7
Q

T/F a regenerative anemia can occur when the kidneys are compromised bc erythropoietin production is also compromised

A

True

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8
Q

T/F hyernatremia can sometimes be seen with long-term use of potassium sparing diuretics

A

False

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9
Q

__________ are drugs used to remove excess extracellular fluid by increasing urine flow and sodium excretion

A

Diuretics

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10
Q

If kidney function is compromised, erythropoietin production is _______

A

decreased

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11
Q

Some pts. that have been on loop diuretics long term may need what kind of supplementation?

A

Potassium

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12
Q

where do loop diuretics exert their action within the nephron?

A

Ascending loop of henle

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13
Q

Anticholinergic drugs cause muscle _______

A

relaxation

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14
Q

which type of diuretic would you give to a pt that was hit by a car and now has increased CSF pressure?

A

osmotic Diuretic

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15
Q

which of the following drugs is an example of a potassium sparing diuretic?
spironolactone
Mannitol 20%
furosemide
all

A

Spironolactone

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16
Q

Urinary acidifiers can be given to help with which type of crystal/urolith?
Cystine
calcium oxalate
Struvite
Ammonium urate

A

Struvite

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17
Q

which of the following diuretic families should not be used in pregnant animals as it crosses the placental border?
Osmotic
Loop
Potassium sparing
Thiazide
Carbon anhydrase inhib

A

Thiazide diuretics

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18
Q

Drug family that can cause decreased GI motility and decreased gastric emptying, which can lead to decreased absorption of certain medications

A

Anticholinergic drugs

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19
Q

Antidotal to the adverse reactions of cholinergic drugs?

A

atropine

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20
Q

loop diuretics inhibit the tubular reabsorption of __________

A

sodium

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21
Q

Which is not a catecholamine?
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Aldosterone

A

Aldosterone

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22
Q

Catecholamines are made by what?

A

Adrenal glands

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23
Q

what converts angiotensen l into angiotensen ll?

A

renin

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24
Q

Example of a urinary alkalizer

A

potassium citrate

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25
Q

Drug that can be given to cats that have a hypertonus urethra sphincter to aide in relaxing the internal sphincter tone?

A

Prazosin

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26
Q

Drug class that can be used to treat urinary incontinence by promoting urinary retention within the bladder

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

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27
Q

Example of an osmotic diuretic

A

Mannitol 20%

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28
Q

Diuretic class that can also be used to treat glaucoma bc is reduces the production of aqueous humor

A

Phenylpropanolamine - proin

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29
Q

A verterinarian prescribes erythropoietin for use in a dog with terminal renal failure. why was this drug prescribed?

A

for its ability to stimulate red blood cell production and release

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30
Q

Drug most commonly used to treat urinary incontinence in dogs

A
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31
Q

Lasix

A

Furosemide

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32
Q

buscopan

A

butylhyoscine

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33
Q

minpress

A

prazosin

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34
Q

proin

A

phenylpropanolar

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35
Q

enacard

A

enalapril

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36
Q

T/F dopamine antagonists promote the release of prolactin from the pituitary

A

True

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37
Q

Which of the following drugs can be used in an animal with dystocia

A

Oxytocin

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38
Q

A testosterone analog that can be used as a contraceptive in dogs that works by inhibiting the LH release

A

Mibolerone

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39
Q

Group of drugs that can be livestock breeders to help estrus synchronization

A
40
Q

Drug used widely in food animals as a growth-promoting steroid that has since been banned in food animals as it has been shown to be carcinogenic

A

Diethylstillbestrol

41
Q

Females should wear gloves if they are/suspect that they are pregnant bc it can extent a pregnancy beyond its natural end

A

Altrenogest

42
Q

Drug that can aid in milk letdown

A

Oxytocin

43
Q

T/F CIDRs are an implant to help prolong diestrus in cattle for several days

A

True

44
Q

Drug that should not be given to pregnant mares or cows as it can accidentally induce abortion or premature parturition

A

Dexamethasone

45
Q

T/F estrogens can depress hematopoiesis, which can result in aplastic anemia

A

True

46
Q

Which of the following produces progesterone

A

Placenta and corpus luteum

47
Q

Which of the following drugs can be used to terminate pregnancies in mares

A

Lutalyse

48
Q

Diethylstilbestrol

A

DES

49
Q

Altrenogest

A

Regu-mate

50
Q

Gonadorlins

A

Ovacyst

51
Q

Cloprostenol

A

Estrumate

52
Q

Dinoprost tromethamine

A

Lutalyse

53
Q

The noun referring to the state of being in heat

A

Estrus

54
Q

Feed additive given to cattle either to suppress estrus or extend diestrus

A

Melengestrol acetate

55
Q

What are estrogen products mainly used for in small animal medicine

A

Treating urinary inconvenience

56
Q

When DES, a synthetic estrogen is used at higher does it can have the potentially dangerous side effect of

A

Bone marrow suppressin

57
Q

T/F Estrumate is a prostaglandin drug

A

True

58
Q

The drug oxytocin aids in milk production

A

False

59
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

Benadryl

60
Q

Dextromethorphan

A

Robitussin DM

61
Q

Cetirizine

A

Zyrtec

62
Q

Lordatadine

A

Claritin

63
Q

Prednisolone

A

Solu-medrol

64
Q

Butorphanol tartrate

A

Torbugesic

65
Q

Albuterol

A

Ventolin

66
Q

Acetylcysteine

A

Mucomyst

67
Q

Guaifenesin is an example of a

A

Expectorant

68
Q

Decongestants work by causing vasodilation in swollen nasal passages

A

False

69
Q

Antihistamines should be given ______ histamine release in the body for optimum effects

A

Before

70
Q

Which of the following is an example of a volatile oil in regards to being an expectant

A

Eucalyptus oil

71
Q

What is an example of a loop diuretic

A

Furosemide (lasix)

72
Q

The type of drug that would be most helpful for a pt. With a productive cough

A

Expectorant

73
Q

Can be used in stimulating respiration in cases of xylazine overdose

A

Yohimbine

74
Q

An asthmatic cat may receive which of the following drugs for its bronchodilatory effect

A

theophylline

75
Q

Smooth muscle contraction and bronchial constriction is mainly caused by

A

Histamine

76
Q

T/F If beta-2 agonists are non-selective they will affect both the cardiovascular and respiratory system

A

True

77
Q

Drugs used to increase airflow, through respiratory passageways narrowed by the relaxation of smooth muscle around them, are called

A

Bronchodilators

78
Q

Care must be taken when prescribing our veterinary patients because it is a human-labeled product and is often times has which of the following medication added to it:

A

Acetaminophen

79
Q

T/F Nebulizers require positive force to get the aerosolized droplets deep into the respiratory tract

A

False

80
Q

Butorphanol and hydrocodone are examples of:

A

Antitussives

81
Q

Drugs that effectively block the cough relex are called :

A

Antitussives

82
Q

Metered dose inhalers deliver small drug particles to the ______ respiratory system

A

Upper

83
Q

Which class of drug is designed to break up mucus as well as reduce its viscosity

A

Mucolytics

84
Q

Which of the following can be used in stimulating respiration in cases of narcotic overdose

A

Narcan

85
Q

If your pt will be on oxygen therapy for longer than a few hrs the O2 should be ______ as to not dry out the respiratory tract and cause irritation

A

Humidified

86
Q

What effects do beta-receptor agonists have on the respiratory tree

A

Cause bronchodilation

87
Q

Which of the following cells are responsible for releasing both heparin and histamine

A

Mast cells

88
Q

T/F You can overdose your pt on oxygen

A

True

89
Q

Terbutaline, albuterol, and metaproterenol are used in vet med to:

A

treat feline asthma or other bronchoconstrictive diseases

90
Q

Which of the following is false in regards to beta-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators

A

all are correct - only used as a rescue drug, managing feline asthma, tabs and inhalers, COPD/RAO

91
Q

Vomiting can be a side effect with expectorants as they can:

A

Irritate the gastric mucosa

92
Q

which of the following drugs is available over the counter as an Antitussive

A

Dextromethorphan

93
Q

Which of the following drugs combines an antitussive with a corticoid steroid

A

Temaril-P

94
Q

Drugs that reduce the viscosity of secretions in the respiratory tract are called:

A

Expectorants

95
Q

Which of the following is an example of a mucolytic?

A

Steam and mucomyst

96
Q

Which of the following is no longer recommended in neonates as it can cause cerebral hypoxia?

A

Dopram

97
Q

Methylxanthines are often used to improve breathing in cardiac patients, as well as patients with respiratory disease. which of the following are methylxanthines used for the purpose

A

theophylline and aminophylline

Mod 6 (6 decks)

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