Pharm, Drugs of Abuse, part II

Question 1

MOA nicotine

Answer 1

selective agonist of nAChR

Question 2

neuronal nAChR are expressed on what neurons

Answer 2

DA neurons in VTA

Question 3

withdrawal of nicotine

Answer 3

mild compared with opioid withdrawal and involves irritability and sleeplessness

Question 4

Tx nicotine

Answer 4

nicotine gum, lozenge, inhalers, transdermal applicaitons

Question 5

bupropion

Answer 5

antidepressant

used alone or combo with nicotine replacement therapy and or behavioral therapy

Question 6

varenicline

Answer 6

derivative of plant extract cytisine
partial neuronal nAChR agonist
only approved for Tx smoking cessation
prevents nicotine stimulation of mesolimbic dopamine system assoc with nicotine addiciton

Question 7

inhalants produce

Answer 7

euphoria

Question 8

overdose management of inhalants

Answer 8

supportive care

Question 9

Cocaine effects in PNS

Answer 9

inhibits vNaCh

can be used local anesthetic

Question 10

CNS effects cocaine

Answer 10

blocks DAT and increases DA concentrations in nucleus accumbens

Question 11

cocaine effects on SANS

Answer 11

blocks NET and activates SANS leading to increase arterial P, tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmia and pupil dilation

Question 12

typical acute Sx of cocaine

Answer 12

loss appetite
hyperactivity
lack of sleep

Question 13

overdose Sx cocaine

Answer 13

hyperthermia
coma
death

Question 14

exposure to cocaine increases risk for

Answer 14

intracranial hemorrhage
ischemic stroke
MI
seizures

Question 15

intoxicaiton management cocaine

Answer 15

supportive and heart rate controllers and seizure controllers
no antidote

Question 16

MOA amphetamines

Answer 16

cause release endogenous biogenic amines by reversing action of biogenic amine transporters at plasma membrane

Question 17

;how are amphetamines taken up to cell

Answer 17

DAT

Question 18

amphetamines block what

Answer 18

intracell cMAT and deplete synaptic vesicles of their NT content causes levels of NT to increase in cytoplasm

Question 19

increasing levels of amines in cytoplasm cause

Answer 19

DAT SERT NET to work in reverse and release maines into synapse

Question 20

withdrawal amphetamines

Answer 20

dysphoria, drowsiness, general irritability

Question 21

MOA ecstasy

Answer 21

reverse action of biogenic amine transporters

Question 22

preferential binding ecstasy

Answer 22

SERT and increase extracellular concentration of serotonin

Question 23

heavy users of ecstasy complain of

Answer 23

long term cognitive impairment due to continued serotonin depletion

Question 24

acute toxic effects of esctasy

Answer 24

hyperthermia, dehydration, serotonin syndrome (mental status change, autonomic hyperactivity, neuromuscular abnormalities) and seizures

Question 25

withdrawal Sx esctasy

Answer 25

mood offset
characterized by depression lasting up to several weeks
possible increased aggression

Question 26

Schedule I drug

Answer 26

high potential abuse
no accepted medical use in Tx
all research use illegal

Question 27

examples schedule I drug

Answer 27

heroin, LSD, weed and methaqualone

Question 28

schedule II drug

Answer 28

high potential abuse
use in medicine with severe restrictions
no refills
cna lead to dependence

Question 29

examples schedule II drug

Answer 29

morphine
PCP
cocaine
methadone
methamphetamine

Question 30

Schedule III drug

Answer 30

less potential for abuse
accepted medical abuse
6 mo or 5 refills

Question 31

examples Schedule III drug

Answer 31

anabolic steroids, codeine, hydrocodone with aspirin or acetaminophen and some barbituates

Question 32

Schedule IV drug

Answer 32

low potential abuse
used medically
prescription rewritten after 6 mo or 5 refills

Question 33

examples of schedule IV drug

Answer 33

propoxyphene, pentazocine, meprobate, dizepam and alprazolam

Question 34

schedule V drug

Answer 34

low potential for abuse
medical use
no prescription needed unless additional state regulations

Question 35

examples of schedule V

Answer 35

cough meds with codeine