Pharm-Ch. 48

Question 1

Anticoagulants

Answer 1

drugs that block or inhibit any step of the coagulation process, preventing or slowing clot formation.

Question 2

Antiplatelet Agents

Answer 2

drugs that interfere with the aggregation or clumping of platelets to form the platelet plug.

Question 3

Clotting Factors

Answer 3

substances formed in the liver-many requiring vitamin K-that react in a cascading sequence to cause the formation of thrombin from prothrombin; thrombin then breaks down fibrin threads from fibrinogen to form a clot.

Question 4

Coagulation

Answer 4

the process of blood changing from a fluid state to a solid state to plug injuries to the vascular system.

Question 5

Extrinsic Pathway

Answer 5

cascade of clotting factors in blood that has escaped the vascular system to form a clot on the outside of the injured vessel.

Question 6

Hageman Factor

Answer 6

first factor activated when a blood vessel or cell is injured; starts the cascading reaction of the clotting factors, activates the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin to dissolve clots, and activates the kinin system responsible for activation of the inflammatory response.

Question 7

Hemorrhagic Disorders

Answer 7

disorders characterized by a lack of clot-forming substances, leading to states of excessive bleeding.

Question 8

Hemostatic Agents

Answer 8

drugs that stop blood loss, usually by blocking the plasminogen mechanism and preventing clot dissolution.

Question 9

Intrinsic Pathway

Answer 9

cascade of clotting factors leading to the formation of a clot within an injured vessel.

Question 10

Plasminogen

Answer 10

natural clot-dissolving system; converted to plasmin (also called fibrinolysin) by many substances to dissolve clots that have formed and to maintain the patency of injured vessels.

Question 11

Platelet Aggregation

Answer 11

property of platelets to adhere to an injured surface and then attract other platelets, which clump together or aggregate at the area, plugging up an injury to the vascular system.

Question 12

Thromboembolic Disorders

Answer 12

disorders characterized by the formation of clots or thrombi on injured blood vessels with potential breaking of the clot to form emboli that can travel to smaller vessels, where they become lodged and occlude the vessel.

Question 13

Thrombolytic Agents

Answer 13

drugs that lyse, or break down, a clot that has formed; these drugs activate the plasminogen mechanism to dissolve fibrin threads.