Pharm-Ch. 46

Question 1

Angina Pectoris

Answer 1

“suffocation of the chest”; pain caused by the imbalance between oxygen being supplied to the heart muscle and demand for oxygen by the heart muscle.

Question 2

Atheroma

Answer 2

plaque in the endothelial lining of arteries; contains fats, blood cells, lipids, inflammatory agents, and platelets; leads to narrowing of the lumen of the artery, stiffening of the artery, and loss of distensibility and responsiveness.

Question 3

Atherosclerosis

Answer 3

narrowing of the arteries caused by buildup of atheromas, swelling, and accumulation of platelets; leads to a loss of elasticity and responsiveness to normal stimuli.

Question 4

CAD

Answer 4

Coronary Artery Disease. Characterized by progressive narrowing of coronary arteries, leading to a decreased delivery of oxygen to cardiac muscle cells; leading killer of adults in the Western world.

Question 5

MI

Answer 5

Myocardial Infarction. End result of vessel blockage in the heart; leads to ischemia and then necrosis of the area cut off from the blood supply; it can heal, with the dead cells replaced by scar tissue.

Question 6

Nitrates

Answer 6

drugs used to cause direct relaxation of smooth muscle, leading to vasodilation and decreased venous return to the heart with decreased resistance to blood flow; this rapidly decreases oxygen demand in the heart and can restore the balance between blood delivered and blood needed in the heart muscle of patients with angina.

Question 7

Prinzmetal Angina

Answer 7

drop in blood flow through the coronary arteries caused by a vasospasm in the artery, not by atherosclerosis.

Question 8

Pulse Pressure

Answer 8

the systolic blood pressure minus the diastolic blood pressure; reflects the filling pressure of the coronary arteries.

Question 9

Stable Angina

Answer 9

pain due to the imbalance of myocardial oxygen supply and demand; the pain is relieved by rest or stoppage of activity.

Question 10

Unstable Angina

Answer 10

episode of myocardial ischemia with pain due to the imbalance of myocardial oxygen supply and demand when the person is at rest.