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Cardiopulmonary Exam 1 > Pharm Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Pharm Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

nAChR: locations, function, agonists

A

ionotropic

CNS, autonomic ganglia, and adrenal medulla

excitatory and release of catecholamines

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2
Q

mAChR: locations, function, agonists

A

metabotropic

excitatory and inhibitory

CNS, autonomic ganglia
effector organs (cardiac and smooth muscle, gland cells, nerve terminals)

SWEAT glands

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3
Q

what kind of receptors are on sweat glands, what NT causes secretion, and what division of the ANS controls it?

A

muscuranic receptors
ACH
sympathetic

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4
Q

Renal vascular smooth muscle responds to

A

D? ?????? that’s all there is on the slide

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5
Q

what kind of receptor is on the adrenal medulla?

A

N(n)

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6
Q

M(1)

A

CNS, Ganglia

GPCR, Gq/11

Activation of phospholipase C (PLC); IP3, DAG cascade

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7
Q

M(2)

A

heart, nerves, smooth muscle

Gi/O

inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (AC) , decrease in cAMP production, activation of K channels

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8
Q

M(3)

A

glands, smooth muscle, endothelium

Gq/11

activation of PLC, IP3, DAG cascade

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9
Q

M(4)

A

CNS

Gi/0

inhibition of AC, decrease in cAMP production, activation of K channels

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10
Q

M(5)

A

CNS

Gq/11

activation of PLC, IP3, DAG cascade

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11
Q

Catecholamine synthesis

rxns occurring in cytoplasm

A

tyrosine –> Dopa –> dopamine

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12
Q

Catecholamine synthesis

rxns in the vesicle,

A

Dopamine —> norepinephrine –> epinephrine

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13
Q

Catecholamine synthesis

rxns occurring in the adrenal medulla

A

nor –> ep

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14
Q

how does tyrosine get into the nerve terminal?

A

via Na+ dependent tyrosine transporter

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15
Q

VMAT-2

A

transports NE, Epi, DA, and serotonin into vesicles, released upon AP with Ca influx

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16
Q

how does NE get into the nerve terminal?

A

Ne transporter (NET)

DAT, imports DA into the nerve terminal

17
Q

DAT

A

dopamine transporter

18
Q

NET

A

norepinephrine transporter

19
Q

Where does cocaine work?

A

prevents NE transporters from reuptaking NE

20
Q

Termination of catecholamine signaling

two major reuptake transporters

A

no enzymatic degradation in the synapse

reuptake is the major mechanism of catecholamine termination

NET and DAT

21
Q

Metabolism of catecholamines (2 main enzymes) inside nerve terminal

A 
monoamine oxidase (MAO) 
catechol-O-methytransferase
22
Q

Alpha(1) receptor

G protein, effectors
agonist
tissue
responses

A

Gq –> phospholipase C, IP3, DAG, intracellular Ca

Epi > or = to NE

Vascular, GU smooth muscle
Liver
Intestinal smooth muscle
Heart

contraction, glycogenolysis, gluconeogensis
hyperpolarization, relaxation,
increased contractile force
arrhythmias

23
Q

Alpha(2) receptor

G protein, effectors
agonist
tissue
responses

A

Gi, Go: decreases adenylyl cyclase, cAMP

Epi> NE or = to NE

Pancreatic islets (beta cells)
platelets
nerve terminals
vascular smooth muscle

decreased insulin secretion
aggregation
decreased release of NE
contraction

24
Q

Beta (1) receptor

A

Gs

increases adenyly cyclase, cAMP, L type Ca channel openings

Isoproterenol > Epi > or = NE

juxtaglomerular cells
heart

increased renin secretion
increased force and rate of contraction and AV nodal conduction velocity

25
Q

Beta (2) receptor

A

Gs

increases adenyly cyclase, cAMP, L type Ca channel openings

Isoproterenol > Epi&raquo_space;> NE

Smooth muscle (vascular, bronchial, GI, GU)
Skeletal muscle

RELAXATION
glycogenolysis, uptake of K

26
Q

Beta (3) receptor

A

Gs

adenyly cyclase increase

Iso = NE > Epi

adipose tissue

lipolysis

27
Q

Primary tissue locations for adrenergic receptor subtypes (from slide with pictures)

alpha1
alpha2
beta1
beta2
beta3
A

alpha1: smooth muscle
alpha2: presynaptic neurons, postsynaptic tissue (ocular, adipose, intestinal, hepatic, renal, endocrine, blood platelets)
beta1: heart
beta2: bronchial, uterine, vascular smooth muscle relaxation
beta3: lipolysis of adipose tissue

28
Q

Rules of thumb for smooth muscle and autonomic receptors

A

alpha-1 receptors: stimulates contraction of all smooth muscle AND causes vasoconstriction

Beta-2 receptors: relaxes smooth muscle: VASODILATION

Muscarinic receptors: contract smooth muscle, alh

29
Q

are nAChR or mAChR’s found on the smooth muscle of blood vessels?

A

no. neither.

30
Q

Parasympathetics:

do they innervate smooth muscle of blood vessels or the blood vessels themselves?

A

the blood vessels themselves; no innervation of vascular smooth muscle via parasympathetics

there are mAChRs on the epithelia which ACH released via parasympathetics.

31
Q

how do parasympathetics cause vasodilation?

A

they stimulate epithelia (not muscle) via mAChR receptors to produce NO

NO = endothelium derived relaxing factor
can be released due to mechanical stress or ACH stimu

32
Q

blood pressure goes down —> ___ baroreceptors —> __ Nervous system —> __ nervous system

A

increases pressure on baroreceptors, causing an increase in parasympathetic activity, decreasing sympathetic activity

33
Q

blood pressure goes down —> ___ baroreceptors —> __ Nervous system —> __ nervous system

A

decrease baroreceptor response, decrease in parasympathetic stimulation, excitation of sympathetics

34
Q

three stimulants of vascular endothelia that result in NO release

A

Bradykinin
ACH stimulation of M receptors
shear force

Arginine is oxidized to citrulline, and NO is released, which diffuses to smooth muscle anf acts on the GTP —> cGMP system causing vasodilation

Cardiopulmonary Exam 1 (21 decks)

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