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OS Pulmonary > Pharm-Asthma/COPD > Flashcards

Pharm-Asthma/COPD Flashcards

1
Q

Albuterol short or long?

A

short

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2
Q

terbutaline short or long acting?

A

short

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3
Q

formoterol short or long acting?

A

long

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4
Q

Sympathomimetics main MOA (Beta agonists and epi?)

A

Increase cAMP which inhibits bronchial smooth muscle constriction –> airway dilation

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5
Q

Sympathomimetics other MOAs?

A

Inhibit mast cell release; inhibit microvascular permeability, inhibit mucociliary transport (all to just a little bit)

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6
Q

What AEs for sympathomimetics?

A

N/V HA
Hypotension
CNS - agitation, convulsions, coma…

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7
Q

Ipratropium MOA

A

Competitive ACh muscarinic receptor antagonists; enhances B2 bronchodilation

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8
Q

Ipratropium AEs

A

Pupil dilation, cycloplegia

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9
Q

What is Combivent made of?

A

Ipratropium and Albuterol (ACH antag and Beta stim)

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10
Q

What disease is Combivent used for?

A

COPD

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11
Q

Theophylline AEs

A

N/V, CNS, high doses cause cardiac over excitation

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12
Q

Cromolyn Sodium MOA

A

“Mast cell stabilizer” - no HIstamine release
Eosinophil stabilizer - no mediator release
Inhibit nerve - no cough

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13
Q

Beclomethasone MOA

A 
Glucocorticoid -
Dec cytokine production
Dec mucus secretion
Red bronchial hyperactivity
Enhance B2 agonist activity
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14
Q

Glucocorticoid AEs

A

Inhaled: candidiasis

Oral: glucose int, inc BP, immunosuppression, cataracts, growth retardation

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15
Q

Cushingoid syndrome?

A 
From glucocorticoids
Weight gain in face and belly
Buffalo hump
Muscle weakness
High BP
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16
Q

Steroids act on what enzyme to inhibit arachidonic acid production?

A

Phospholipase A2

17
Q

Monteleukast MOA and target

A

LTD4 receptor antagonist - blocks constriction and reactivity; decreases mucosal secretion and edema, dec inflammation too (Monte has 3 Ms - muscle, mucus, mation!)

18
Q

What is the most potent leukeotriene in terms of chemotaxis?

A

LTB4 (follow the bees!)

19
Q

Which leukotrienes mediate anaphylaxis and are potent bronchoconstrictors?

A

LTC4, LTD4, LTE4 (anaphylaxis is alphabet soup)

20
Q

Monteleukast AEs

A

URT infections esp in kids

21
Q

Zileuton AEs

A

Liver enzyme elevation - need LFTs

CYP1A2 inhibitor

22
Q

salmeterol short or long acting?

A

long

23
Q

Theophylline MOA?

A

Twofold:
Inhibits PDE - blocks bronchoconstriction

Adenosine receptor antagonist - resp for cardiac effects

24
Q

What AEs for sympathomimetics?

A

N/V HA
Hypotension
CNS - agitation, convulsions, coma…

25
Q

Ipratropium MOA

A

Competitive ACh muscarinic receptor antagonists; enhances B2 bronchodilation

26
Q

Ipratropium AEs

A

Pupil dilation, cycloplegia

27
Q

Theophylline is what class

A

Methylxanthines, like caffeine

28
Q

Theophylline AEs

A

N/V, CNS, high doses cause cardiac over excitation

29
Q

Cromolyn Sodium MOA

A

“Mast cell stabilizer” - no HIstamine release
Eosinophil stabilizer - no mediator release
Inhibit nerve - no cough

30
Q

Cromolyn Na AEs

A

Tastes bad, irritate trachea (even bronchospasm)

NO systemic toxicity

31
Q

Zileuton acts on what enzyme to inhibit leukotriene formation?

A

5-LO

32
Q

Zileuton MOA

A

Inhibit leukotriene formation B, C, D, E

33
Q

Omalizumab MOA

A

Binds IgE and prevents IgE-mediated mediator release

34
Q

Omalizumab AEs

A

Severe allergic reactions

Cardiovascular

35
Q

What drugs are contraindicated in airway disease?

A

Sedatives, beta blockers, ASA/NSAIDS, ACE inhibitors, lidocaine with epi

36
Q

Ipratropium note about AEs

A

poorly absorbed from inhalation so no systemic side affects

37
Q

Name some treatment options for COPD

A

Nicotine replacement, bronchodilators, theophylline, guaifenesin (stim tract secretion flow), N-acetyl cystine

OS Pulmonary (13 decks)

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