Pharm antidotes

Question 1

acetaminophen

Answer 1

N-acetylcystine (replenishes glutathione)

Question 2

salicylates

Answer 2

NaHCO3 (alk urine)

Question 3

amphetamines

Answer 3

NH4Cl (acidify urine)

Question 4

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 4

atropine, pralidoxine

Question 5

organophosphates

Answer 5

atropine, pralidoxine

Question 6

antimuscarinic

Answer 6

physostigmine

Question 7

anticholinergic agents

Answer 7

physostigmine

Question 8

beta blockers

Answer 8

glucagon, atropine, calcium

Question 9

digitalis

Answer 9

normalize K, lidocaine, anti-dig Fab, Mg

Question 10

Iron

Answer 10

deferoxamine, deferasirox

Question 11

lead

Answer 11

CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

Question 12

mercury, arsenic, gold

Answer 12

dimercaprol

Question 13

copper, arsenic, gold

Answer 13

penicillamine

Question 14

cyanide (can get from sodium nitroprusside)

Answer 14

nitrite + thiosulfate

Question 15

methemoglobin

Answer 15

methylene blue, vit c

Question 16

carbon monoxide

Answer 16

hyperbaric O2

Question 17

methanol

Answer 17

fomepizole > ethanol

Question 18

ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

Answer 18

fomepizole > ethanol

Question 19

opioids

Answer 19

naloxone, naltrexone

Question 20

benzodiazapine

Answer 20

flumazenil

Question 21

TCAs

Answer 21

NaHCO3 (alk plasma)

Question 22

Heparin

Answer 22

protamine

Question 23

warfarin

Answer 23

vit K, FFP

Question 24

tPA

Answer 24

aminocaprioic acid

Question 25

streptokinase

Answer 25

amniocaprioic acid

Question 26

theophylline

Answer 26

beta blocker

Question 27

inhance cyp450 pathway

Answer 27

rifampin, phenytoin, phenobarbitol

Question 28

inhibit cyp450 pathway

Answer 28

cimetidine, amiodarone, isoniazid, ritonavir

Question 29

prolong QT

Answer 29

macrolides, haloperidol, chloroquine, protease inhibitors

Question 30

torsades de pointes

Answer 30

class III (sotalol), class IA (quinidine) antiarthymics

Question 31

Hemolysis in G6PD patients

Answer 31

isoniazid, sulfonamides, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantion, dapsone, fava beans

Question 32

pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 32

bleomycin, amiodarone, busulfan

Question 33

gynecomastia

Answer 33

spirinolactone, digitalis, cimetidine, chronic alcohol, ketokonazole

Question 34

hypergylcemia

Answer 34

niacin, tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, HCTZ, corticosteriods

Question 35

hypothyroidism (fine hair)

Answer 35

lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

Question 36

gout

Answer 36

furosemide, thiazides, niacin, cylcosporin,

Question 37

photosensitivity

Answer 37

sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracylcines

Question 38

SLE-like syndrome

Answer 38

hydralazine, isoniazid, procainamide, phenytoin

Question 39

acebutolol to metroprolol

Answer 39

selective b1 antagonist

Question 40

propranolol to timolol

Answer 40

non selective antagonists

Question 41

CHF 1st line

Answer 41

loops

Question 42

HTN 1st line

Answer 42

thiazides

Question 43

alpha 1 action

Answer 43

vascular smooth muscle contraction , mydriasis, urinary retention

Question 44

alpha 2 action

Answer 44

dec sympathetics, dec insulin, lipolysis (inhibitor)

Question 45

beta 1 action

Answer 45

inc heart rate and contractility

Question 46

beta 2 action

Answer 46

vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, dec uterine tone

Question 47

M1 action

Answer 47

parasympathetic to enteric ns

Question 48

M2 action

Answer 48

dec HR and contractility at SA node

Question 49

M3 action

Answer 49

inc urination, bronchoconstriction, miosis (only innervated by M receptors - atropine like drugs), accommodation

Question 50

D1 action

Answer 50

relaxes renal vascular sm

Question 51

D2 action

Answer 51

modulates NT release in the brain (dopamine)

Question 52

H1 action

Answer 52

inc nasal and bronchial mucus production, pruritus, pain

Question 53

H2 action

Answer 53

inc gastric acid secretion

Question 54

V1 action

Answer 54

inc vascular smooth muscle contraction

Question 55

V2 action

Answer 55

inc water reabsorption in the collecting tubule

Question 56

Gq action

Answer 56

phospholipase C, IP3 & Ca **smooth muscle** phospholipase C, DAG & protein kinase C qC's HAV 1 M&M

Question 57

Gs

Answer 57

adenylyl cyclase, cAMP, protein kinase A, in Ca **HEART** | inhibits smooth muscle

Question 58

Gi

Answer 58

inhibits adenylyl cyclase, cAMP, protein kinase A inhibits sympathetics MAD 2

Question 59

cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning (organophosphates - isoflurophate, parathion)

Answer 59

DUMBBELSS | diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal muscle, lacrimation, sweating, salivation

Question 60

Atropine toxicity

Answer 60

Hot, Dry, Red, Blind, Mad | hyperpyrexia, dry mouth, urinary retention, flushing, cyclopegia, mydriasis, delirium