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Pharm antidotes Flashcards

1
Q

acetaminophen

A

N-acetylcystine (replenishes glutathione)

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2
Q

salicylates

A

NaHCO3 (alk urine)

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3
Q

amphetamines

A

NH4Cl (acidify urine)

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4
Q

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

atropine, pralidoxine

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5
Q

organophosphates

A

atropine, pralidoxine

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6
Q

antimuscarinic

A

physostigmine

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7
Q

anticholinergic agents

A

physostigmine

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8
Q

beta blockers

A

glucagon, atropine, calcium

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9
Q

digitalis

A

normalize K, lidocaine, anti-dig Fab, Mg

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10
Q

Iron

A

deferoxamine, deferasirox

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11
Q

lead

A

CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

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12
Q

mercury, arsenic, gold

A

dimercaprol

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13
Q

copper, arsenic, gold

A

penicillamine

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14
Q

cyanide (can get from sodium nitroprusside)

A

nitrite + thiosulfate

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15
Q

methemoglobin

A

methylene blue, vit c

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16
Q

carbon monoxide

A

hyperbaric O2

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17
Q

methanol

A

fomepizole > ethanol

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18
Q

ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

A

fomepizole > ethanol

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19
Q

opioids

A

naloxone, naltrexone

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20
Q

benzodiazapine

A

flumazenil

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21
Q

TCAs

A

NaHCO3 (alk plasma)

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22
Q

Heparin

A

protamine

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23
Q

warfarin

A

vit K, FFP

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24
Q

tPA

A

aminocaprioic acid

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25
Q

streptokinase

A

amniocaprioic acid

26
Q

theophylline

A

beta blocker

27
Q

inhance cyp450 pathway

A

rifampin, phenytoin, phenobarbitol

28
Q

inhibit cyp450 pathway

A

cimetidine, amiodarone, isoniazid, ritonavir

29
Q

prolong QT

A

macrolides, haloperidol, chloroquine, protease inhibitors

30
Q

torsades de pointes

A

class III (sotalol), class IA (quinidine) antiarthymics

31
Q

Hemolysis in G6PD patients

A

isoniazid, sulfonamides, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantion, dapsone, fava beans

32
Q

pulmonary fibrosis

A

bleomycin, amiodarone, busulfan

33
Q

gynecomastia

A

spirinolactone, digitalis, cimetidine, chronic alcohol, ketokonazole

34
Q

hypergylcemia

A

niacin, tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, HCTZ, corticosteriods

35
Q

hypothyroidism (fine hair)

A

lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

36
Q

gout

A

furosemide, thiazides, niacin, cylcosporin,

37
Q

photosensitivity

A

sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracylcines

38
Q

SLE-like syndrome

A

hydralazine, isoniazid, procainamide, phenytoin

39
Q

acebutolol to metroprolol

A

selective b1 antagonist

40
Q

propranolol to timolol

A

non selective antagonists

41
Q

CHF 1st line

42
Q

HTN 1st line

43
Q

alpha 1 action

A

vascular smooth muscle contraction , mydriasis, urinary retention

44
Q

alpha 2 action

A

dec sympathetics, dec insulin, lipolysis (inhibitor)

45
Q

beta 1 action

A

inc heart rate and contractility

46
Q

beta 2 action

A

vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, dec uterine tone

47
Q

M1 action

A

parasympathetic to enteric ns

48
Q

M2 action

A

dec HR and contractility at SA node

49
Q

M3 action

A

inc urination, bronchoconstriction, miosis (only innervated by M receptors - atropine like drugs), accommodation

50
Q

D1 action

A

relaxes renal vascular sm

51
Q

D2 action

A

modulates NT release in the brain (dopamine)

52
Q

H1 action

A

inc nasal and bronchial mucus production, pruritus, pain

53
Q

H2 action

A

inc gastric acid secretion

54
Q

V1 action

A

inc vascular smooth muscle contraction

55
Q

V2 action

A

inc water reabsorption in the collecting tubule

56
Q

Gq action

A

phospholipase C, IP3 & Ca smooth muscle
phospholipase C, DAG & protein kinase C

qC’s HAV 1 M&M

57
Q

Gs

A

adenylyl cyclase, cAMP, protein kinase A, in Ca HEART

inhibits smooth muscle

58
Q

Gi

A

inhibits adenylyl cyclase, cAMP, protein kinase A
inhibits sympathetics

MAD 2

59
Q

cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning (organophosphates - isoflurophate, parathion)

A

DUMBBELSS

diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal muscle, lacrimation, sweating, salivation

60
Q

Atropine toxicity

A

Hot, Dry, Red, Blind, Mad

hyperpyrexia, dry mouth, urinary retention, flushing, cyclopegia, mydriasis, delirium

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