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Critical Care > Pharm and Labs > Flashcards

Pharm and Labs Flashcards

1
Q

Succinylchoine

A

Anectine 1-2 mg/kg Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Targets the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the post synapse
can cause malignant hyperthermia, hyperkalmeia and increase intraoccular pressure
Causes Serum Potassium to rise about 1mmol/L

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2
Q

Dantroline

A

Dantrium 1mg/kg ever 4-6 hours for malignant hyperthermia

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3
Q

Rocuronium

A

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular block 1mg/kg

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4
Q

Vecuronium

A

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular block 0.1mg/kg

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5
Q

Why dont we given atropine to a heart transplant patient

A

the vagus nerve has been cut during the transplant

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6
Q

What should be give for wide complex dysthryhmia in presence of HyperKalemia and diphenhydramine, TCA, phenobarbital or cocaine toxicities

A

Sodium Bicarb 1mEq/kg

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7
Q

What other drug must be given to wide complex dysthythmia where hyperkalemia is suspected

A

Calcium chloride or gluconate 500-1,000mG IV slowly over 5-10 minutes

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8
Q

Sodium normal value

A

135-145

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9
Q

Potassium normal value

A

3.5-5

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10
Q

Chloride normal value

A

95-105

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11
Q

calcium normal value

A

8-10

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12
Q

BUN normal value

A

4-20

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13
Q

Creatinine normal value

A

0.6-1.2

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14
Q

Anion Gap normal value

A

12-20
increased gap indicated acidosis

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15
Q

Serum Os normal value

A

275-295

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16
Q

Lactate normal value

A

<2

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17
Q

Hemoglobin normal value

A

12-16 female
14-18 males

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18
Q

Hematocrit normal value

A

45-55%

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19
Q

WBC

A

4-11K

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20
Q

What does increased BNP mean

A

Heart Failure

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21
Q

What does increased BUN and Creatinine mean

A

Renal Failure/renal injury

22
Q

When is rhogam given? Why?

A

28 Weeks gestation for Rh negative pregant females.
after delivery
after any trauma/bleding

23
Q

What is given for postpartum hemorrhage?

24
Q

Medication given for eclampsia?

A

Magnesium Sulfate

25
Q

Meds for preterm labor

A

Mag, trebuteline

26
Q

Ketamine
dose, class, action, SE and contraindications

A

Analgesia 0.1-0.3 mg/kg
Dissociatoin 1-2 mg/kg
Action- NMDA atagonist
SE- hypersalavation, apnea

27
Q

Etomadate
dose, class, action, SE and contraindications

A

0.3mg/kg max of 40 mg
Action- GABA agnoist
SE-resp depression/apnea
Contra- adrenal dependant patients, addisons disease

28
Q

Propofol
dose, class, action, SE and contraindications

A

10-100 mcg/kg/min
Action- potent GABA agonist with sedative and anticonvulsant effects
SE- hypotension
Contra- egg allergy
Note- Propofol infusion syndrome can occur with prolong infusion of propofol, associated with rhabdo, hyperK, renal failure

29
Q

Lorazepam
Midazolam
Diazepam

A

Benzodiazepines, primary GABA agonist with sedation, anxiolytic and anti-convulsant properties
Ativan- 1-2mg
Versed 2-10 mg best IM option
Diazepam 5-10mg IV not IM

30
Q

Dexmedatomidine

A

Precedex
Alpha 2 receptor agonist causing sedation, analgesia and anesthesia with out depressing resp drive
SE watch for bradycardia

31
Q

Morphine
Fentanyl
Hydromophone

A

Opioids
Morphine 2-10 mg
Fentanyl .5-1 mcg/kg, for the TBI pt 3mcg/kg
Dilaudid 0.5-2mg
Can cause resp depression,

32
Q

Albuterol

A

Beta 2 adrenergic Agonist, bronchiole smooth muscle relaxer 2.5-5mg neb

33
Q

Trebutaline

A

Breathine-beta 2 adrenergic agent, smooth muscle relaxer
0.25 mg SQ

34
Q

Ipratropium

A

Atrovent- anticholinergic agent causing bronchodilation and dries mucosal secreations
0.5mg neb

35
Q

Methylprednisolone
Dexamethasone

A

Steroids, given to reduce swelling in the lower airways
Solumedrol 125mg/ ped 1-2 mg/kg
Decadron 5-20mg/ped 0.6mg/kg

36
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

A

Smooth muscle relaxer, cns depressant and cardiac membrane stabilizer
Bronchospasm/afib 2g in 100ml over 10 mintues
Eclampsia/preterm labor 4 g in 100 ml over 20 minutes
torsades 2-4 g SIVP
Mag toxicity- Decreased mental status, hypotension, reducted deep tendion reflexes (reversal agent- calcium chloride)

37
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Neosynephrine, vasopressor that causes pure alpha 1 agonist causing pure vasoconstriction
50-200mcg/min or 100 mcg push dose

38
Q

Vasopression

A

ADH- vasopressor that targets V receptors causing potent vasoconstriction and reuptake of water
0.03 units/min

39
Q

Nicardipine

A

Cardine, vasodilator that is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker and targets arterial smooth muscle. Blocking calcium from entering which reduces contraction, potent atrterial vasodilation.
Mainly given during ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and aortic disection
5-15 mg/hr

40
Q

Nitroprusside

A

Nitropres- vasodilator that has a high affinity for arterioles given for hypertensive crisis and acute heart failure.
need to monitor for cyanide toxicity.

41
Q

Epinephrine

A

Adrenaline- Inopressor- catecholamine with equal inotropic and vasopressor properties
Shock- 2-10 mcg/min PED dose 0.05mcg/kg/min
Asthma/croup 1-4 mg nebulized
Anaphylaxix 0.5 mg 1:1,000 IM PED dose 0.01 mg/kg of 1:1,000 IM

42
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Levophed- Inopressor- catecholamine,
Low dose caues venoconstriction, high doses cause arterial system
2-20 mcg/min

43
Q

Dobutamine

A

Inodilator- synthetic catecholamine, pure beta 1 adrenergic agent- increase FRAC
Cardiogenic shock and acute heart failure, increases CO by reducing SVR through arterial vasodilation while increasing FOC and HR
2-20 mcg/kg/min

44
Q

Milrinone

A

Primacor- phosphodiesterase inhibitor- increases FOC and arterial vasodilation.
Cardiogenic shock and acute heart failure- 0.375-0.75 mcg/kg/min

45
Q

Mannitol

A

Hypertonic solution, 1g/kg IV

46
Q

Flumazenil

A

Romazicon- GABA antagonist-
0.2 MG max of 1 mg
Ped dose 0.01 mg/kg
SE refractory seizures

47
Q

2PAM

A

Acetylcholinersterase activator allows for the activation of the enzyme responsible for breakingdown acetylcholine,
reversal agent for organophospate poisoning and weaponized nerve agents
1-2 grams

48
Q

Physotigmine

A

Used for anticholinergic drug overdose (benadryl and atropine)

49
Q

Hydroxocobalamin

A

Vit B12, reversal agent for cyanide toxicity

50
Q

Sodium Thiosulfate

A

Reversal agent for cyanide toxicity

51
Q

Pitocin

A

oxytocin- hormone produced in the hypothalmus and relased by the posterior pituitary gland
Indicated for post partum hemorrhage and eliciting uterine contraction to reduce bleeding
10 units

52
Q

What is the formula for anion gap?

A

(Na+K)-(Cl+HCO3)=Anion Gap

Critical Care (13 decks)

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