Gas Laws

Question 1

Boyles Law

Answer 1

Volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure

Boyles=balloon

Question 2

Charles law

Answer 2

When a pressure is constant, temperature and volume are directly proportional.

Charles=Celsius

Question 3

Dalton’s law

Answer 3

Law of partial pressures, total pressure of a gas is equal to the sum of its parts.

Why we are hypoxic at high altitudes.

Question 4

Grahams law

Answer 4

Rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square of its molecular weight but directly proportional to the solubility.

Question 5

Gay-Lussacs Law

Answer 5

If a volume is constant, pressure and temperature are directly proportional.

O2 cylinder gets hot as you fill it.

Question 6

Henry’s law

Answer 6

Amount of a gas dissolved in a solution is directly proportional to its partial pressure above the solution.

Question 7

Atmospheric pressure

Answer 7

760mmhg

Question 8

Physiologic zone of the atmosphere

Answer 8

0-10,000 ft

Question 9

Physiologic deficient zone of the atmosphere

Answer 9

10,000-50,000ft

Question 10

Space equivalent zone of the atmosphere

Answer 10

50,000 ft+

Question 11

How much water is 1 atmosphere

Answer 11

10 m

Question 12

Dry air changes by _degrees per 100 ft

Answer 12

1degree C

Question 13

Moist air changes by _degrees per 100ft

Answer 13

0.6 degrees C

Question 14

Time of useful consciousness

Answer 14

30,000 1-2 minutes
35,000 30-60 sec
40,000. 15-20sec
45,000. 9-15sec

Question 15

What is the lowest level of the atmosphere and where air travel occurs?

Answer 15

Troposphere

Question 16

What is the pitot tube

Answer 16

tube on the end of the helicopter used to measure fluid flow and velocity

Question 17

Minimum candlepower for helicopter spotlight

Answer 17

400,000

Question 18

How do you calculate FiO2 changes due to elevation change

Answer 18

(FiO2 x starting pressure)/target pressure=FiO2 change needed for ascent
ex, you are administering 40% FiO2 at atmospheric pressure of 780 and you are ascending to 500ft
(0.4 x 780)/500=0.62 or 62%FiO2 needed

Question 19

Barosinusitis

Answer 19

Inflammation of sinus during pressure change
usually occurs during ascent

Question 20

Brodontalgia

Answer 20

Tooth ache caused by elevation changes
usually occurs during ascent

Question 21

Barotitis Media

Answer 21

Failure of the middle ear to equalize to changing atmospheric pressure
typically occurs on descent

Question 22

Type of hypoxia that occurs at altitude cause by lack of oxygen, decreased alveolar oxygen, tension pneumo

Answer 22

hypoxic hypoxia

Question 23

Type of hypoxia that occures from preventing normal uptake or use of oxygen by the cells despite adequate delivery ex, cyanide and CO poisoning are 2 of the most common cause

Answer 23

Histotoxic hypoxia

Question 24

Type of hypoxia cause by decreased O2 carrying capacity in the blood, ex anemia

Answer 24

Hypemic Hypoxia

Question 25

At what level does hemoglobin need to be before transfusion need to take place

Answer 25

Hemoglobin <7 needs transfusion of PRBCs

Question 26

1 unit of blood raises hemoglobin and hematocrit by how much

Answer 26

Hemoglobin raises by 1 and hematocrit by 3

Question 27

Type of hypoxia that occures from lack of blood flow, ex excessive G forces, decreased CO or poor circulation

Answer 27

Stagnant hypoxia