Gas Laws Flashcards
Boyles Law
Volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure
Boyles=balloon
Charles law
When a pressure is constant, temperature and volume are directly proportional.
Charles=Celsius
Dalton’s law
Law of partial pressures, total pressure of a gas is equal to the sum of its parts.
Why we are hypoxic at high altitudes.
Grahams law
Rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square of its molecular weight but directly proportional to the solubility.
Gay-Lussacs Law
If a volume is constant, pressure and temperature are directly proportional.
O2 cylinder gets hot as you fill it.
Henry’s law
Amount of a gas dissolved in a solution is directly proportional to its partial pressure above the solution.
Atmospheric pressure
760mmhg
Physiologic zone of the atmosphere
0-10,000 ft
Physiologic deficient zone of the atmosphere
10,000-50,000ft
Space equivalent zone of the atmosphere
50,000 ft+
How much water is 1 atmosphere
10 m
Dry air changes by _degrees per 100 ft
1degree C
Moist air changes by _degrees per 100ft
0.6 degrees C
Time of useful consciousness
30,000 1-2 minutes
35,000 30-60 sec
40,000. 15-20sec
45,000. 9-15sec
What is the lowest level of the atmosphere and where air travel occurs?
Troposphere
What is the pitot tube
tube on the end of the helicopter used to measure fluid flow and velocity
Minimum candlepower for helicopter spotlight
400,000
How do you calculate FiO2 changes due to elevation change
(FiO2 x starting pressure)/target pressure=FiO2 change needed for ascent
ex, you are administering 40% FiO2 at atmospheric pressure of 780 and you are ascending to 500ft
(0.4 x 780)/500=0.62 or 62%FiO2 needed
Barosinusitis
Inflammation of sinus during pressure change
usually occurs during ascent
Brodontalgia
Tooth ache caused by elevation changes
usually occurs during ascent
Barotitis Media
Failure of the middle ear to equalize to changing atmospheric pressure
typically occurs on descent
Type of hypoxia that occurs at altitude cause by lack of oxygen, decreased alveolar oxygen, tension pneumo
hypoxic hypoxia
Type of hypoxia that occures from preventing normal uptake or use of oxygen by the cells despite adequate delivery ex, cyanide and CO poisoning are 2 of the most common cause
Histotoxic hypoxia
Type of hypoxia cause by decreased O2 carrying capacity in the blood, ex anemia
Hypemic Hypoxia
At what level does hemoglobin need to be before transfusion need to take place
Hemoglobin <7 needs transfusion of PRBCs
1 unit of blood raises hemoglobin and hematocrit by how much
Hemoglobin raises by 1 and hematocrit by 3
Type of hypoxia that occures from lack of blood flow, ex excessive G forces, decreased CO or poor circulation
Stagnant hypoxia
