Pharm 9-11 Flashcards

1
Q

black patients with hypertension medications

A

CCB or thiazide

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2
Q

patient with hypertension and DM medications

A

thiazide or ACE or ARB

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3
Q

pregnant people with hypertension

A
  • no ACE or ARB

- methyldopa, lobetalol, nifedipine, hydralazine

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4
Q

post MI

A

beta blocker or thiazide

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5
Q

ACE, CCB, thiazide with edema in legs

A

amlodipine - reduce dose

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6
Q

decreased HR, increased BP

A

ace or arb or ccb

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7
Q

kidneys - renin

A

beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists

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8
Q

angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

A

aliskirin

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9
Q

angiotensin I to angiotensin II and bradykinin to inactive products

A

ACE inhibitors

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10
Q

angiotensin II to adrenal cortex and/or arterioles

A

angiotensin receptor inhibitors

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11
Q

reflex tachycardia side effects

A
  • DHP CCB
  • nitrates
  • hydralazine and minoxidil (vasodilators)
  • alpha-1 antagonist
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12
Q

high dose of medications and not responding

A
  • adherence
  • add medication
  • call pharmacist to see what meds/ supplements they are on and if they are refilling their medication
  • diet
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13
Q

hypertension urgency

A
  • not taking medications

- due to side effects

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14
Q

anti arrhythmic - rate

A

elderly, V. arrthmias

  • beta-blockers
  • calcium channel blockers
  • sotalol
  • dig
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15
Q

anti-arrhythmic - rhythm

A
  • young, severe symptoms, hypotension

- Class Ia, Ic, and III

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16
Q

anti-arrhythmic drug side effect

A

dysrhythmias

17
Q
Class I (quinine, procainamide, lidocaine)
phase of AP
A

phase 0 - depolarization

18
Q

Class II Beta-blockers and Class IV Calcium Channel blockers

phase of AP

A

phase 2 - contraction

19
Q
Class III (amiodorone and bretylium)
phase of AP
A

phase 3 - repolaraziation

20
Q

Class Ia

increase or decrease AP

21
Q

Class Ib

increase or decrease AP

22
Q

Class Ic

increase or decrease AP

23
Q

Class III

increase or decrease AP

24
Q

afib and no other drugs are working

25
side effects of nitro
headache, don't use with erectile dysfunction medications, hypotension
26
advantages of DOCAs over warfarin
- no need for routine lab tests - not affected by food or activity level - very few drug interactions - rapid onset and short washout for procedure - cause less catastrophic inter cranial hemorrhage
27
disadvantages of DOACs over warfarin
- cost - twice daily - adherence is critically important - only dabigatran has an effective rapid reversal agent - not effective for stroke prevention in patients with prosthetic heart valves - lack of lab test to verify dose appropriate for size/clearance
28
drug therapy for TB | rifampin - effects warfarin
induces warfarin clearance -recheck INR
29
clotting factors for warfain
10,9,7,2
30
stroke or MI
fibrolytics within 12 for MI and 3-4.5 hours for nonhemorrhagic stroke
31
vWD
desmopressin
32
170 minute stroke treatment
t-PA fibrolytic
33
DVT pregnancy
- dont use heparin | - use anoxipron - LMWH
34
adjusting for elevated INR | <4.5
skip 1 dose
35
adjusting for elevated INR | 4.5-10
skip 2 doses
36
adjusting for elevated INR | >10
give vitamin K
37
black people heart failure
hydralazine and nitrate (isobo)