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Repro > Pharm > Flashcards

Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

MoA of Acyclovir/Valacyclovir?

A

Guanosine analog that competes with deoxyGTP for incorporation into viral DNA by viral DNA polymerase
- Competitive inhibtion

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2
Q

AEs of Acyclovir/Valacyclovir?

A

Neurotoxicity including seizures

Nephrolithiasis - keep pt hydrated

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3
Q

What does Acyclovir/Valacyclovir require for activation?

A

Tyrosine Kinase

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4
Q

MoA of Famciclovir?

A

Guanosine analog that competes with deoxyGTP for incorporation into Viral DNA by viral DNA polymerase

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5
Q

AEs of Famciclovir?

A

None

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6
Q

What does famciclovir require for activation?

A

Tyrosine Kinase

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7
Q

MoA of Penicillin G?

A

Bactericidal Beta lactam that binds PBP and causes cell lysis

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8
Q

AEs of penicillin g?

A

Hypersensitivity or skin rashes

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9
Q

MoA of azithromycin?

A

Macrolide
Binds 50s ribosomal subunit
Bacteriostatic
Protein synthesis inhibitor

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10
Q

AEs of azithromycin?

A

GI upset

Vaginitis

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11
Q

MoA of doxycycline?

A

Tetracycline
Binds 30s subunit
Bacteriostatic
Protein synthesis inhibitor

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12
Q

AEs of doxycycline?

A

Pregnancy category D
GI upset
Hepatic damage in high doses esp in preg.
Photosensitivity

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13
Q

MoA of Levofloxacin?

A

Inhibits DNA gyrase (topo2) in G(-) bacteria and inhibits topo4 in G(+) bacteria
Bacteriacidal in both

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14
Q

AEs of Levofloxacin?

A

Tastes disturbance
GI upset
Increase risk of juvenile tendonitis and rupture
Exacerbation of muscle weakness –> avoid in myasthenia gravis
Category C

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15
Q

MoA of Ofloxacin?

A

Inhibits DNA Gyrase - Topo 2 in G(-) Bacteria and Topo 4 in G(+) Bacteria
Bacteriacidal in both

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16
Q

AEs of Ofloxacin?

A

GI Upset
Increase risk for juvenile tendonitis and rupture
Exacerbation of muscle weakness –> do not use in myasthenia gravis
Category C

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17
Q

MoA of Ceftriaxone?

A

Bacteriacidal Beta-lactam. Binds PBP and causes cell lysis

18
Q

MoA of metronidazole?

A

Ameobicidal, bactericidal, trichomonacidal
Pro-Drug
Distrupts DNA helical structure –> inhibits bacterial nucleic acid synthesis

19
Q

AEs of metronidazole?

A 
Avoid in pregnancy and breast feeding
GI upset
Candidiasis
Disulfaram like effect --> nausea w/ EtOH
Secondary Malignancies
20
Q

MoA of tinidazole?

A

Ameboicidal, bacteriacidal, trichomonacidal
Pro-drug
Inhibits DNA helical structure –> inhibits bacterial nucleic acid synthesis

21
Q

AEs of tinidazole?

A

Avoid in pregnancy and breast feeding
GI upset
Disulfaram like effect –> nausea w/ EtOH
Secondary malignancies

22
Q

MoA of clindamycin?

A

Binds 50s ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis.

Bacteriostatic

23
Q

AEs of clindamycin?

A

GI upset
Contact toxicities in the vagina
Excreted in breast milk
Teratogenic –> only give intra vaginally in 1st trimester

24
Q

Gardasil? Cervarix?

A

hPV 6,11,16,18

hPV 16, 18

25
Q

MoA of fulvestrant?

A

Pure antagonist of estrogen
Binds to estrogen receptor
Tx fails if tumor is estrogen independent

26
Q

AEs of fulvestrant?

A

Causes menopause –>

Nausea, asthenia, vasodilation(hot flash) and HA

27
Q

MoA of tamoxifen?

A

Agonistic (bone) and antagonistic (breast) effects on estrogen receptors depending on location
-Increases bone density and decreases tumor growth

28
Q

AEs of tamoxifen?

A

TERATOGENIC
Retinal degeneration at increase doses
DVT/PE
Stroke

29
Q

MoA of Raloxifene?

A

Agonistic (bone) and antagonistic (breast) effects on estrogen receptors depending on location
- increases bone density and decreases tumor growth

30
Q

AEs of raloxifene?

A

TERATOGENIC
DVT/PE
Stroke
Retinal degeneration at increase doses

31
Q

MoA of toremifene?

A

Agonistic (bone) and antagonistic (breast) effects on estrogen receptors depending on location
- Increases bone density while decreasing tumor growth

32
Q

AEs of toremifene?

A 
TERATOGENIC
Retinal degeneration at increase doses
DVT/PE
Stroke
QT interval prolongation
33
Q

MoA of anastrozole?

A

Prevent conversion of testosterone to E2 by blocking aromatase
Non-Steroidal therefore reversible

34
Q

AEs of anastrozole?

A 
Hot flashes
Nausea
Hair thinning
Increase arthralgia/diarrhea
Cataracts
35
Q

MoA of letrozole?

A

Prevent conversion of testosterone into E2 by blocking aromatase
Non-steroidal therefore reversible

36
Q

AEs of letrozole?

A 
Hot flashes
Nausea
Hair thinning
Increase arthralgia/diarrhea
Cataracts
37
Q

MoA of Exemestane?

A

Prevent conversion of testosterone into E2 by blocking aromatase
Steroidal therefore not reversible

38
Q

AEs of exemestane?

A

Hot flashes
Nausea
Hair thinning
Increase arthralgia/diarrhea

39
Q

MoA of Trastuzumab?

A

mAb for HER2 extracellular domain

40
Q

AEs of Trastuzumab?

A 
Hypersensitivity rxn
GI upset
Asthenia
Blood dyscrasia
Fatigue
edema
rash
weight gain
dizziness
URTi

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