Male Genital System 2 Flashcards
Most common neoplasm of the testes?
Germ Cell Tumor
Most common germ cell tumor?
Seminomas
Seminomas?
Most common type of germ cell tumor to occur in “pure” form
- Grossly appears homogeneously
- Not typically necrotic or hemorrhagic
Seminomas microscopically?
Characteristic distinct cell membrane and clear cytoplasm giving a “fried egg” appearance to the cells
Can seminomas produce hCG?
Yes - about 15% of them do –> these are mixed germ cell tumors
Embryonal carcinoma?
More commonly a mixed germ cell tumor
More aggressive than a seminoma
Grossly are necrotic or hemorrhagic
Microscopically shows sheets, alveoli, tubules, or papillary formations –> anaplastic looking cells (undifferentiated)
Yolk Sac Tumor?
Almost exclusively a tumor of infants and children up to 3 years of age
If in adults, mixed with other germ cell tumor patterns
Produces Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) - can be seen in immunohistochemical stain
Choriocarcinoma?
Mostly mixed with other germ cell tumors
Highly Aggressive
Mimics the histology of the placenta
Produces hCG
Very vascular –> metastasis bleed easily
Use stain for hCG producing syncitiotrophoblast type cells
Prostate?
A retroperitoneal gland which encircles the neck of the bladder
What is the prostate composed of?
Glandular cells within a supporting stroma; the glands produce secretions which constitute seminal fluid
Where does prostate hyperplasia typically occur?
Transitional and periurethral zones –> urinary flow problems
Where does prostate carcinoma occur?
In the peripheral zone –> no urinary flow problems
Prostate hyperplasia?
Nodular hyperplasia –> androgen driven and results from hyperplasia (not hypertrophy) of prostatic glands and stroma
Most common carcinoma in men?
Prostate
Describe a prostate carcinoma?
Pale yellow and stands out from rest of the gland –> often palpated before being seen
