Phagocytosis

Question 1

What are the two types of white blood cell?

Answer 1

Lymphocytes

Phagocytes

Question 2

What do phagocytes do?

Answer 2

They ingest and destroy the pathogen by a process called phagocytosis before the pathogen can cause harm.

Question 3

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 3

This is where large particles like some types of bacteria, can be engulfed by cells in the vesicles formed in the cell-surface membrane.

Question 4

Where can phagocytes be found?

Answer 4

Some phagocytes can travel in the blood but they can move out of the blood vessels and into other tissues.

Question 5

Summarise phagocytosis.

Answer 5

Chemical products of pathogens or dead, damaged and abnormal cells act as attractants, causing phagocytes to move towards the pathogen.
Phagocytes have several receptors on their cell-surface membrane that recognise, and then attach to, chemicals in the surface of the pathogen.
Their engulf the pathogen to form a vehicle, known as a phagosome.
Lysosomes move towards the vesicle and fuse with it.
Lysozyme destroy the ingested bacteria by hydrolysis of their cell walls.
The soluble products from the breakdown of the pathogen are absorbed into the cytoplasm of the phagocyte.

Question 6

What are the 4 attractants?

Answer 6

Chemical products of the pathogen.
Dead cells
Damaged cells
Abnormal cells

Question 7

What is the vesicle known as?

Answer 7

A phagosome.

Question 8

Why are present in the lysosome?

Answer 8

Enzymes called lysozymes.

Question 9

How do lysozymes destroy te ingested pathogen?

Answer 9

By hydrolysing their cell walls.

Question 10

Where are the soluble products from the break down of the pathogen absorbed into?

Answer 10

The cytoplasm of the phagocyte.