Cell Specialisation And Organisation

Question 1

Why do all cells of multicellular organism is perform certain basic functions?

Answer 1

To stay alive.

Question 2

How to cells gain their function?

Answer 2

They do this by a process called to specialisation which allows the cell to perform a particular role. Each specialised cell has evolved more or fewer of certain organelles and structures to suit the role it carries out.

Question 3

What are the group of cells in an embryo originally like?

Answer 3

Initially all the cells in the embryo identical.

Question 4

What happens as the embryo matures?

Answer 4

Is it matures, each cell takes its own individual characteristics that suit it to the function it will perform when it’s mature.

Question 5

What are all cells in the organism produced by after the egg is been fertilised?

Answer 5

Mitotic division.

Question 6

What do all cells contain?

Answer 6

The exact same genes.

Question 7

How does the cell become specialised?

Answer 7

Whilst all genes are present in the cell, only some are expressed and others are turned off which means that the cell becomes specialised for one specific function.

Question 8

What two things vary from cell to cell?

Answer 8

The shape of the cell varies and also the number of each of the organelles.

Question 9

What does the muscle cell have lots of?

Answer 9

Mitochondria.

Question 10

What do muscles not have very many of?

Answer 10

Lysosomes.

Question 11

Why does the whole organism function efficiently?

Answer 11

The cells are adapted to their own particular function and perform it more effectively.

Question 12

What are tissues?

Answer 12

These are a collection of similar cells that perform a specific function.

Question 13

What is the purpose of tissues?

Answer 13

The purpose of tissues is for working efficiency.

Question 14

List two types of tissues you need today for AS-level.

Answer 14

Epithelial tissues

Xylem

Question 15

How are cells laid out in the epithelial tissue?

Answer 15

They are laid out in sheets.

Question 16

What does the epithelial tissue line?

Answer 16

The surfaces of organs.

Question 17

What are the two functions of epithelial tissues?

Answer 17

They have a protective or secretory function.

Question 18

Two or false: there are many similar types of epithelial tissue.

Answer 18

This, is true similar types of epithelial tissue include those made up of thin, flat cells that line organs where diffusion takes place.

Question 19

Give an example of a cell where diffusion takes place?

Answer 19

The alveoli.

Question 20

What are the cilia used for?

Answer 20

They are used to move mucus over the epithelial tissue.

Question 21

Where is xylem tissue found?

Answer 21

Xylem tissue is found in plants.

Question 22

What is the purpose of xylem tissue?

Answer 22

Purpose of xylem tissue is to transport water and mineral irons throughout the plant and also give mechanical support.

Question 23

What is an organ?

Answer 23

This is a combination of tissues that are coordinated to perform a variety of functions, although they often have one predominant major function.

Question 24

What is the function of the stomach organ in animals?

Answer 24

The function of the stomach is to die jest certain types of food and is made of the three types of tissue.

Question 25

What are the three types of stomach tissue and what are their functions?

Answer 25

Muscle tissue chains and mixes up the stomach contents
Epithelium tissue protect the stomach wall and produces secretions
Connective tissue holds together the other tissues

Question 26

True or false: a leaf is an organ in a plant cell.

Answer 26

This is true.

Question 27

What five tissues are leaves made of?

Answer 27

Palisade mesophyll
Spongy mesophyll
Epidermis
Phloem
Xylem

Question 28

What is the purpose of the palisade mesophyll?

Answer 28

This is made up of leaf palisade cells that carry out photosynthesis.

Question 29

What is the purpose of the spongy mesophyll tissue?

Answer 29

This is adopted for gaseous diffusion.

Question 30

What is the role of the epidermis tissue in the leaf?

Answer 30

This protects the lease and allows gaseous diffusion.

Question 31

What is the function of the phloem?

Answer 31

This transports organic molecules away from the leaf.

Question 32

What is the function of the xylem tissue?

Answer 32

This transports water and ions into the leaf

Question 33

True or false: blood capillaries are organs.

Answer 33

This is false blood capillaries are not organs but veins and arteries are.

Question 34

What is an organ system?

Answer 34

This is where organs work together as a single unit to perform a particular function more efficiently.

Question 35

Name three organ systems.

Answer 35

Digestive system;
Respiratory system;
Circulatory system

Question 36

What does the digestive system do?

Answer 36

This digests and processes food.

Question 37

What organs is the digestive system made of?

Answer 37

Salivary gland
Oesophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Ileum
Pancreas
Liver

Question 38

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Answer 38

This is used for breathing and gas exchange.

Question 39

What organs is the respiratory system made up of?

Answer 39

Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs

Question 40

What does the circulatory system do?

Answer 40

This pumps and circulates blood.

Question 41

What organs are involved in the circulatory system?

Answer 41

The heart
Arteries
Veins