pH Lab (1) Flashcards

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1
Q

Scientific Method

A

observations that lead to a general question addressed by experimentation

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2
Q

Hypothesis

A

making predictions and must be testable

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3
Q

Null Hypothesis

A

it states there is no difference in treatment and control group

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4
Q

Theory

A

supported by evidence

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5
Q

Law

A

proven idea

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6
Q

Alternative Hypothesis

A

variable had an effect on the outcome of the experiment

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7
Q

Standard Deviation

A

square root of variance (s)

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8
Q

Standard Error

A

shows how much variation is associated with the mean

SE= st.dev /sqrt n

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9
Q

Variance

A

measure of distribution of data (s^2)

S^2=sum of indv observed-mean ^2 / n-1

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10
Q

T-test

A

type of analysis used to compare two sample means

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11
Q

Mean

A

experimental/arithmetic average of data

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12
Q

pH

A

hydrogen ion concentration

-log[H+]

pH of 7 only neutral with pure water @ 25 deg celcius

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13
Q

Acidic Solution

A

donation of protons

higher concentration of H+ ions than OH (hydroxyls)

pH is less than 7

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14
Q

Basic Solution

A

acceptance of protons

higher concentration of OH than H+ ions

pH is greater than 7

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15
Q

Buffers

A

weak acids or bases that react with strong acids or bases to prevent changes in pH

buffers keep pH neutralized, the same.

pKa buffers prevent the solution from becoming too acidic or too basic

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16
Q

Red Litmus Paper

A

red paper will stay red if acidic, will turn blue if basic

17
Q

Blue Litmus Paper

A

blue paper will stay blue if basic, will turn red if acidic

18
Q

P-Value

A

probability that there is no difference between control and treatment group

19
Q

Control Group

A

serves as standard of comparison

20
Q

Variable Group

A

receives the treatment and is compared to control group

21
Q

Solvent

A

a medium usually a liquid that dissolves substances ex:water

22
Q

Solute

A

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent ex:solute

23
Q

Solution

A

a homogenous mix of two or more substances

24
Q

pH Lab Results:

A

divider

25
Q

Tomato Juice

A

Acid

pH=2

26
Q

Cola

A

Acid

pH=3

27
Q

Lime Juice

A

Acid

pH=3

28
Q

Vinegar

A

Acid

pH=3

29
Q

Ammonia

A

Acid

pH=9

30
Q

Baking Soda

A

Basic

pH=8

31
Q

Salicylic Acid

A

Acid

pH=3

32
Q

Milk

A

Acid

pH=6

33
Q

NaCl

A

Neutral

pH=7

34
Q

Dish Soap

A

Acid

pH=2

35
Q

Distilled Water

A

Neutral

pH=7