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BIO LAB > Cell Structure Lab (3) > Flashcards

Cell Structure Lab (3) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Paramecium

A

eukaryotic cell

predators of bacteria

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2
Q

What is the species and genus of paramecium studied in lab?

A

paramecium caudatum

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3
Q

What is the method of motility of paramecium?

A

cilia

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4
Q

How do paramecium obtain nutrients from surroundings?

A

through their oral grooves

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5
Q

What organelle of the paramecium assists in capturing large prey?

A

trichocyst

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6
Q

What organelle of the paramecium controls sexual reproduction?

A

micronucleus

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7
Q

Amoeba

A

eukaryotic cell

survives in aqueous environments

aerobic organism

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8
Q

What is the method of motility of amoeba?

A

they move by forming pseudopods and they have cytoplasmic streaming

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9
Q

What is the genus and species of amoeba studied in lab?

A

Amoeba proteus

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10
Q

Are amoeba pathogenic to humans?

A

yes

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11
Q

What is the genus and species of deadly amoeba that causes amoebic meningoencephalitis?

A

naegleri fowleri

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12
Q

What organelle in an amoeba and paramecium is an adaptation to living in a hypotonic environment?

A

contractile vacuole

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13
Q

Euglena

A

eukaryotic cell

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14
Q

What is the method of motility of euglena?

A

flagella

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15
Q

How many flagella does Euglena have?

A

2

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16
Q

What organelle enables euglena to be photocutrotrophic?

A

chloroplasts

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17
Q

What do euglena lose in direct sunlight?

A

chloroplasts

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18
Q

Eukaryotes

A

cells that have a nucleus (both animal and plant)

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19
Q

Prokaryotes

A

cells that do not have a nucleus (Eubacteria and Archaebacteria)

does not have organelles

20
Q

Why are eukaryotic cells larger than prokaryotic cells

A

their internal membrane system allows compartmentalization of fxns which makes them have a larger surface area for nutrient exchange and placement of enzymes

21
Q

Nucleus

A

control center of the cell

protects DNA/RNA

22
Q

Nuclear Pore

A

holes in the nuclear envelope that allow materials to pass in and out the nucleus

23
Q

Nuclear Envelope

A

outer membrane of the nucleus

24
Q

Nucleolus

A

found inside the nucleus

responsible for rRNA synthesis

25
Q

Chromatin

A

loose DNA to make chromosomes within the nucleus

26
Q

Golgi Sacks

A

receives vesicles from ER

modifies proteins and lipids

makes lysosomes

process molecules and packages for secretion

27
Q

Rough ER

A

covered in ribosomes

protein synthesis they produce, fold, control quality, and despatch proteins

28
Q

Smooth ER

A

lipid, steroid, carb synthesis

stores calcium

important for liver function: helps detoxify

29
Q

Mitochondria

A

has two membrane (bilayer)

has own circular DNA, ribosomes, and proteins

site of ATP production

30
Q

Lysosomes

A

membrane enclosed vesicles that contain inactive digestive enzymes and when activated(pH drop btw 2-4) they break down certain materials in the cell

cell clean up

made by the Golgi Body

31
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

network of fibers in cytoplasm that hold cell together
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Intermediate Filaments

32
Q

Microfilaments (Actin Filaments)

A

thin filaments in cytoplasm that change shape

have a short life span

33
Q

Microtubules

A

spiral strands of protein molecules that form tubelike structures

34
Q

Intermediate Filaments

A

protein rods that provide mechanical support for the plasma membrane where it comes into contact with other cells

35
Q

Centrosomes

A

aids in cell division

they are 90 degrees to each other and they are formed by 9 sets of triplets of microtubules

36
Q

Peroxisomes

A

detoxifies harmful substances in the cell

protects cell from oxidative environment

eliminates anything that “attacks” your cells

saves you from producing too much oxygen

37
Q

Cytoplasm

A

jellylike fluid inside the cell where organelles are suspended

38
Q

Ribosomes

A

consists of RNA

they bind mRNA and tRNA to synthesize proteins

has a large and small subunit that come together to capture the mRNA then break apart when synthesis is done

39
Q

Cilia

A

hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane

40
Q

Flagella

A

long whiplike structure that helps a cell move

made up of microtubules

41
Q

Secretory Vesicles

A

mediates transport from an organelle to specific sites at the cell membrane

move molecules inside the cell (exocytosis)

42
Q

Vacuoles

A

membrane enclosed structure

holds pressure (water regulation)

stores food, water, waste and other materials

Turgidity-it is swollen

Tonoplasts-pressure of water pushing against each other to give its structure

larger in plant cells

43
Q

Plasmodesmata

A

how plant cells communicate

they channel btwn adjacent plant cells

44
Q

Chloroplast

A

found in plant cell

capture the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

double membrane

45
Q

Stroma

A

liquid filled space that surrounds the thylakoids in the chloroplast

46
Q

Granum

A

stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast

47
Q

Thylakoid disk

A

one single disk in chloroplast that make up granum

BIO LAB (7 decks)

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