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Fuk Study > PGM (TOW/HF) > Flashcards

PGM (TOW/HF) Flashcards

1
Q

AGM-114B

A

Improved low visibility capability, lower trajectories than AGM-114A. Minimum smoke rocket motor. Safe and arming device that provides electrical and mechanical interruption in firing train. 64in long 7in diameter 100pounds.

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2
Q

LOAL-HI min standoff for obstacle clearance

A

1500m for 1000ft

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3
Q

LOBL Launch Restriction Skid Height

A

Must have skids a minimum of 10ft above highest terrain within 200m in front of aircraft.

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4
Q

LOAL-LO min standoff for obstacle clearance

A

600m for 260ft mask

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5
Q

M279 Missile Launcher

A

2 HELLFIRE Missiles 93# empty

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6
Q

AGM-114K-2A

A

Modified AGM-114K2 missile with fragmenting sleeve wrapped externally around warhead. Sleeve is epoxied around warhead section. 1/8 in sleeve is 6.75in long with mixed diamond pattern for controlled size fragments. Lethal against a wide range of targets. Total 4.5#. Not authorized for shipboard use.

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7
Q

2 LOBL missiles FOV

A

Offset seeker centroid 4.5 deg to side of aircraft azimuth on which missile is carried giving 9 deg of separation from each seeker search centroid. Two search patterns overlap each other 5 deg on the aircraft azimuth. Total FOV: 23 deg across, 20 deg vertical.

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8
Q

AGM-114K/K2

A

Dual warheads for defeating reactive armor, electro-optical countermeasures, hardened semi-active laser seeker and externally programmable guidance section for trajectory shaping. Contains both pulse PRF and PIM capability. 64in long 7in diameter, 100#. Approved for shipboard use.

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9
Q

AGM-114N

A

Identical to K except no precursor warhead and replaces shape charge with a thermobaric warhead. Thermobaric warhead has a metal augmented charge that when ignited produces an impulse over time property. Warhead also has frag capability. Penetration is kinetic. Senses kinetic penetration of target and initiates small time delay. After delay, thermobaric warhead is detonated creating overpressure longer than M and frag effect.
64in long, 7in diameter, 106#.

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10
Q

AGM-114N Restricted PRF Codes

A

1217-1231, 1436-1452, 1685-1721

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11
Q

HELLFIRE Tactical Missile

A

Arms only after launch when acceleration exceeds 10g’s btw 150-300m in front of each aircraft. Max velocity 475m/s with avg of 375m/s. 19,000# of thrust. Yellow colored bands for ID and Blue Bands for inert warheads.

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12
Q

ATM-114Q

A

Live rocket motor and an inert warhead, designed to simulate tactical engagements in a training environment. Same weight and CG as tactical missiles and a laser seeker identical to tactical. Yellow colored band around propulsion section, blue band around warhead.

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13
Q

10 Laser Errors

A

1) Boresight error
2) Spot Jitter
3) Beam Divergence
4) Attenuation
5) Backscatter
6) Overspill
7) Underspill
8) Entrapment
9) Spectral Effect
10) Podium Effect

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14
Q

AGM-114 Tactical Missile Components

A

1) Seeker/Guidance Section
2) Warhead Section
3) Guidance Group
4) Propulsion Section (2-3 sec burn)
5) Control Section

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15
Q

Laser Interlocks

A

1) One or both generators online or DVO window cover installed.
2) MASTER ARM to ARM
3) Turret Depression limit switch OFF
4) Laser FIRST/LAST/OFF set to FIRST or LAST
5) TSU filter select to LASER
6) ACQ/TRK/STOW set to TRK

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16
Q

Seeker

A

Detects properly coded laser energy and provides LOS info to missile autopilot and, while on rail, the RHE.
Gimbal mounted and gyro stabilized with a mass composed of the mirror, balance wheel, and permanent magnet rotor, spinning at 4,200rpm. Detector has a +/- 30 deg gimbal limit.

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17
Q

Auto Code can take up to how long?

A

7-10 sec

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18
Q

AGM-114 Jettison Limits

A

130 KIAS for M272, 150 KIAS for M279

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19
Q

LOAL -HI Climb Alt

A

AGM-114B: 4sec delay 1600’, 12sec delay 1300’

AGM-114K: 4sec delay 1400’, 12sec delay 1400’

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20
Q

LOAL-HI Min Range

A

AGM-114B: 0 deg offset 3500’, 7.5 deg offset 4500’

AGM-114K: 0 deg offset 3500’, 7.5 deg offset 3500’

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21
Q

LOAL-LO Climb Alt

A

AGM-114B: 4sec delay 1400’, 15sec delay 800’

AGM-114K: 4sec delay 800’, 15sec delay 800’

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22
Q

LOAL-LO Min Range

A

AGM-114B: 0 deg offset 2000’, 7.5 deg offset 3000’

AGM-114K: 0 deg offset 2000’, 7.5 deg offset 2500’

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23
Q

LOAL-DIR Climb Alt

A

AGM-114B: 4sec delay 800’, 12sec delay 400’

AGM-114K: 4sec delay 400’, 12sec delay 400’

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24
Q

LOAL-DIR Min Range

A

AGM-114B: 0 deg offset 1900’, 7.5 deg offset 2000’
AGM-114K: 0 deg offset 1500’, 7.5 deg offset 1700’
Add 500m for launch of 50 to 400ft above target, add 1000m for launch 400-800ft above target.

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25
Q

LOBL Climb Alt 3/5/7KM

A

AGM-114B: 400’/1000’/1700’

AGM-114K: 300’/500’/600’

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26
Q

LOAL Scan Pattern

A

Controlled by missile autopilot. Short and wide to prevent flying past target. Pattern is 32 deg x 4 deg.
Searched Area is 40 deg x 12 deg.

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27
Q

What angle does missile leave launch rail?

A

4 deg above armament datum line.

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28
Q

CCM/CAM switch

A

Enables CCM routine within missile. Switch allows missile to overcome suspected active electro-optical countermeasures being used within target area. Should be in the OFF position unless active EOCM are known to be deployed in target area.

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29
Q

M272 Missile Launcher

A

4 HELLFIRE missiles. 141#. Allows missile to leave rail when thrust exceeds 600#.

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30
Q

Max Offset for designator

A

Angle formed between designator to target line and missile target line shall never be greater than 60 degrees.

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31
Q

Max Range HELLFIRE

A

7KM for LOBL and LOAL-DIR, 8 KM for LOAL-LO/HI

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32
Q

3 KM HELLFIRE Shot

A

10 sec TOF, 2-3 sec delay, 6 sec steady on tgt

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33
Q

4 KM HELLFIRE Shot

A

14 sec TOF, 3-6 sec delay, 6 sec steady on tgt

34
Q

5 KM HELLFIRE Shot

A

19 sec TOF, 4-8 sec delay, 6 sec steady on tgt

35
Q

AGM-114F

A

Same as AGM-114C except it contains additional forward warhead for improved performance against reactive armor. 71in long, 7in diam, 107#. Not approved for shipboard use.

36
Q

AGM-114 F/K/K-2 Warhead

A

AGM-114F: 0.64# LX-14 fwd, 13.7# LX-14 main
AGM-114K: 2.2# LX-14 fwd, 12.6# LX-14 main
AGM-114K2: 2.2# PBXN-9 fwd, 12.4# PBXN-9 main

37
Q

AGM-114M

A

Same as AGM-114K except no pre-cursor warhead and replaces shape charge warhead with blast frag warhead and incendiary capabilities. Fuse senses kinetic penetration of the target and initiates a small time delay. After delay blast-frag warhead is detonated creating an overpressure and frag effect. 64in long, 7in diam, 105#. Authorized for shipboard use.

38
Q

AGM-114M Warhead

A

Contains explosive loaded warhead case and electronic safe, arm and fire device. Time delay module to allow penetration of target prior to penetration. 6 pounds of explosive and incendiary (5.5# PBXN-109, 0.49# zirconium)

39
Q

AGM-114A

A

Basic autopilot and low smoke rocket motor. Flies highest trajectories. 64in long, 7in diam, 100#. Not approved for shipboard use.

40
Q

Seeker Modes

A

1) Cage: Seeker is inhibited from slaving or tracking until gyro mass is spun up or when RHE commands cage.
2) Scan: Seeker is moved in predetermined scan pattern to help it acquire and lock on a lase r spot.
3) In LOBL mode, seeker is commanded to look straight ahead along missile body axis. All missiles with exception of AGM-114K/M/N can acquire and lock on in stare mode if laser energy detected.
4) Slave: Seeker is commanded in response to a LOS command from missile autopilot (LOAL) or aircraft on board system via RHE (LOBL)
5) Track: Seeker commanded by the seeker electronics assembly to maintain the reflected laser energy centered on the detector/preamplifier assembly so optics assembly is pointed at the target.

41
Q

Preferred PRF Codes

A

1111-1488

42
Q

Single Missile FOV

A

Instantaneous FOV: 8 deg
Rectangular search 6 deg (+/-3) across and 12 deg (+/- 6) vertical.
Total FOV: 14 deg across and 20 deg vertical

43
Q

LOBL Seeker Search Limits

A

< 90 deg F No limit (A/B/C/F) < 125 deg F no limit (K/M/N)
Above the temps above there is a 30 min limit for continuous search after which the missiles must either be deselected or placed in LOAL to allow cooling (30 min) ROT: For every minute of search, a minute of cooldown. Seekers require 2 min downtime after deselection.

44
Q

How long for seeker to spin up?

A

up to 30 seconds

45
Q

AGM-114N-5

A

Identical to AGM-114N except software change to lower missile’s AOA at impact and decrease terminal flight path angle to enhance warhead penetration and improve target engagements for targets under overhangs. LOBL and LOAL-D are the only modes affected. Doesn’t include restricted PRF codes

46
Q

TOW Prelaunch Constraints

A

+/- 2.5 deg heading
+/- 6.0 deg elevation
+/- 5.0 deg roll

47
Q

TOW Postlaunch Constraints

A

Left 90 deg, Right 95 deg
Up 50 deg, Down 25 deg
+/- 30 deg roll

48
Q

How long is gun locked out for TOW shot?

A

3.5 seconds. Rockets cannot be fired while a TOW is on the wire.

49
Q

TOW Min/Max Range

A

500m Min

3,750m Max (3,400m when <10 deg F)

50
Q

TOW Propulsion

A

Launch Motor->40ms burn 225fps after 25 ft flight motor ignites.
Flight Motor-> Solid base, low smoke flame propellant flight motor 1.5sec burn then coast to impact.

51
Q

TOW Missile Designator

A

BGM-71E-5B

52
Q

TOW Average Velocity

A

178m/s

53
Q

TOW Fuze Arming

A

19g’s, 30-60m

54
Q

TOW Overwater Limits

A

ROT: >140’ will allow for max range TOW shot
Wire cannot be submerged across more than 1,100m.
If body of water > 1,100m, launcher or target must be near water’s edge and total range < 1,600m

55
Q

TOW running fire ROT

A

3600m + (10 x GS)

56
Q

HELLFIRE Danger Close (0.1% Pi)

A

110m

57
Q

TOW TOF

A 
500m -> 2 sec
1000m -> 4 sec
2000m -> 8.8 sec
3000m -> 15 sec
3750m -> 21.5 sec
58
Q

6KM HELLFIRE Shot

A

24 sec TOF, 4-11 sec delay, 6 sec steady on tgt

59
Q

7KM HELLFIRE Shot

A

29 sec TOF, 4-13 sec delay, 7 sec steady on tgt

60
Q

LOBL Min Range

A

AGM-114B: 0 deg offset 800m, 20 deg offset 1200m

AGM-114K: 0 deg offset 500m, 20 deg offset 700m

61
Q

2KM HELLFIRE Shot

A

7 sec TOF, No Delay, 6 sec steady on tgt

62
Q

HELLFIRE HEAT Warhead Shape

A

30 deg and 42 deg warhead interior angles

63
Q

LOAL Seeker Depression

A

HI: 11.75 deg
LO: 9.75 deg
DIR: 4.25 deg

64
Q

AGM-114K2-B Sleeve

A

10.9# of Tantallum

65
Q

AGM-114K2-A Sleeve Etching Spaced?

A

6mm and 12mm

66
Q

RAPID/RIPL/MAN

A

Rapid: missiles will be launched only from the priority channel one designator/one code. 8 second delay allows time for laser spot to be repositioned and subsequent missile to reacquire different target (100m max).
Ripple: Alternates priority missile channel after each missile launch. Two designators two codes.
Manual: Select missile manually.

67
Q

AGM-114N Thermobaric Warhead

A

Metal augmented charge and explosive loaded warhead case. Electronic Safe, Arm, and Fire device like AGM-114M. The charge mixture of Vitron coated Aluminum powder gives it thermobaric properties. 4.1# of MAC liner and 4.6# of PBXN-112 explosive. Provides similar blast capability as the AGM-114M plus a longer pulse due to aluminum burning resulting in increased potential damage.

68
Q

AGM-114C

A

Identical to AGM-114B without safe and arming device. Not approved for shipboard use. 64in long, 7in diam, 100#

69
Q

AGM-114 A/B/C HEAT Warhead

A

Unitary shape-charge warhead with 13.7# of LX-14 main charge.

70
Q

M-36E1/E3

A

Same external shape and weight of tactical missile used for captive flight training and cannot be launched. Blue bands around warhead. E3 is identical to E1 except seeker on E3 is identical to seeker on AGM-114 K/M/N.

71
Q

When does TOW missile wire cut?

A

1) MCA system timer reaches 25sec from trigger
2) Pilot manual wire cut
3) Gunner manual wirecut (1.85s until MCA reset)
4) NTSU IR tracker loses missile IR source for 0.5s
a) Missile fails to capture w/in 1.35 sec
b) Missile impacts target
c) Switching to LO Mag
d) Stowing TSU

72
Q

How long is missile inhibited from locking on in LOAL modes?

A

1.5 seconds after launch

73
Q

3 LOBL Missiles selected and searching

A

One seeker aligned with aircraft azimuth, one 9 deg right and one 9 deg left. Search patterns overlap 5 deg providing FOV coverage. Total FOV is now 32 deg horizontally and 20 deg vertically.

74
Q

M-34 Dummy Missiles

A

Same external size and shape of tactical missiles used to train ordnance personnel in loading procedures. No explosives but have a ballast to simulate weight and CG. Bronze bands around warhead and propulsion section.

75
Q

8KM HELLFIRE Shot

A

36 sec TOF, 4-16 sec delay, 8 sec steady on tgt

76
Q

HELLFIRE Min Safe Distance

A

900m

77
Q

Four Basic Requirements to effectively employ HELLFIRE

A

1) PRF code of laser designator and weapon must be the same.
2) Direction of attack must allow weapon to sense sufficient reflected laser energy from designated target.
3) The laser designator must be designating at correct time.
4) Attacking aircraft must release the weapon within the specific weapon’s delivery envelope.

78
Q

HELLFIRE Unprotected Designator Zone

A

Still possibility of being injured by random missile failure probability is less than in protected designator zone.

1) At a minimum, designators should wear flak and military issue helmet.
2) Designator shall have a clear unobstructed LOS to target.
3) Ground designator operators must ensure that they do not inadvertently laze through dust caused by personnel or vehicles.
4) Airborne designators must ensure that they are either over ground conditions which do not create dust or are at an alt where rotor downwash does not create dust.

79
Q

HELLFIRE Protected Designator Zone

A

Designators not vulnerable to normally functioning missile tracking backscatter energy. There is a possibility that the missile may track and impact an obstruction near designator if illuminated by beam. Possibility of being injured by a random missile failure impacting within 150m is less than 4 in 10 million.

1) Designators shall wear flak and military issue helmet and be in protected positions.
2) Designator shall have a clear unobstructed LOS to target.
3) Ground designator operators must ensure that they do not inadvertently laze through dust caused by personnel or vehicles.
4) Airborne designators must ensure that they are either over ground conditions which do not create dust or are at an alt where rotor downwash does not create dust.

80
Q

HELLFIRE Prohibited Designator Zone

A

No designator operators are allowed in this zone because of unacceptable probabilities associated with the following hazards:

1) Scenarios wher ethe missile seeker can track laser backscatter energy at the exit aperture of designator.
2) Probability of random missile failures is highest within this zone.

80
Q

HELLFIRE Area F

A

An area to the rear of the launch point 30m wide and 50m long. Hazards are launch motor blast, high noise levels, over pressure, and debris. Serious casualties or fatalities may occur to any personnel occupying this area. Occupation by personnel is prohibited.

81
Q

Back scatter avoidance

A

1) rotate 3-5 degrees towards launcher/missile being used
2) switch to LOAL-D with min of 2sec delay to allow missile to clear area of strongest laser energy
3) change designators
4) change targets
5) relocate to new position
6) utilize cspot

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