Petrides Ventrolateral Frontal Region 2016 (Chap 3) Flashcards
Which area is strongly connected to 6VC and Area 4
- Somatosensory cortical areas on the postcentral gyrus.
- This format a local peri-central association system
What connects areas 6VR and 44 to the most anterior part of the inferior parietal lobule?
Third branch of the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus
(SLF III)
What is the morphological entity formed by the rostral part of the inferior parietal lobule?
-
Supramarginal gyrus
- Occupied by:
- area PF anteriorly
- area PFG posteriorly
- Occupied by:
How is Area 45 connected?
- Connected to:
- Area PG via SLF II
- Auditory Association Cortical Areas via Extreme Capsule Fasciculus
Extreme Capsule Fasciculus
Bundle of axons
Which area is strongly linked to area PF?
6VR
Which area is strongly connected with area PFG?
Area 44 (Pars Opercularis)
Areas 44 and 6VR:
- Strongly linked to areas PFG and PF (respectively)
- Both linked with the cortex in the anterior part of the intraparietal sulcus (Area AIP in red)
Area 44
Receives minor connections from the mid-temporal auditory and multimodal temporal cortex via the extreme capsule fasciculus
Which areas are Broca’s Area?
Areas 44 and 45
Arcuate Fasciculus
- Bundle of axons arching at the end of the Sylvian (lateral) fissure.
- Was considered the main pathway connecting temporal language comprehension and the ventrolateral frontal region for speech generation
Do we know where the arcuate fasciculus start and finish in the human brain?
No, but we know that in the macaque monkey, it originated from the crown of the most posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus and terminates not in area 44 but in the dorsal premotor region and adjacent dorsal prefrontal area 8Ad.
Where are the neurons that project to area 44?
In the Superior Temporal Sulcus
Peri-central sensorimotor circuit
- Formed by:
- local association fibres
- Link Areas 4 and 6VC with the somatosensory cortex in the postcentral gyrus
Function of the Peri-Central Sensorimotor Circuit
- Underlies the most detailed aspects of orofacial articulation
- A lesson on the pericentral sensorimotor circuit results in articulatory deficits
What links Areas 6VR and 44 to the supramarginal cortex?
SFL III
Parieto-frontal circuit
Formed by the SFL III and arcuate fasciculus.
Function: involved in phonological processing
What part of the brain is a multimodal cortical region with a focus on an integrated representation fo the body?
Supramarginal gyrus
Area 45 is connected to what and via what?
- via SLF II:
- Angular Gyrus (PG area)
- via Capsule Fasciculus
- Superior Temporal Gyrus
- Superior Temporal Sulcus
- Middle Temporal Gyrus
- [not mentioned]
- All other prefrontal areas
- Prefrontal monitoring system (46, 9/46)
- Posterior Dorsolateral Attentional Systems (8Av, 8Ad, 8B)
- Orbifrontal emotional and motivational control systems
- Auditory and semantic temporal and parietal information processing systems
- All other prefrontal areas
Which are is tha Great Prefrontal Integrator?
Area 45
Extreme Capsule Fasciculus
Possibly the ventral language system underlying semantic processing.
Functioning of Area 45
- Controlled retrieval information (both hemispheres)
- Left hemisphere:
- Language specific information retrieval:
- verbal info acquired in specific context
- words in category
- synonyms in a language
- corresponding words across languages
- processing in the semantic system
- Language specific information retrieval:
What are the 3 distinct distributed neural circuits in the ventrolateral frontal region of the primate brain?
- Controlled retreival (areas 45 and 46/12)
- Phonological circuit
- Sensorimotor peri-central circuit
What happens if you damage the dorsolateral prefrontal areas?
Impairments in working memory, attention control but no obvious impairment in language or comprehension.
Which region is critical in monitoring information in working memory?
Mid-dorsal prefrontal cortical region
In left hemisphere, impairment in monitoring verbal information in working memory.
