Intro to Brain Anatomy - Connections Flashcards
Review Deck 2
Name the parts pointed in this image
Cortico-cortical Connections
- Connect one area of the cortex to another either:
- within same hemisphere
- between hemispheres
Association Fibre Pathways
- Bi-directional
- Connections within the same hemisphere
- Contains:
- Occipito-frontal Fasciculus
- Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus
- Arcuate Fasciculus
- Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus
- Extreme Capsule
- Temperal-frontal extreme capsule Fasciculus
- Uncinate Fasciculus
Occipito-frontal Fasciculus
- Connects the Frontal and Occipital Lobes
Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus
Connects Frontal with Parietal lobes
Arcuate Fasciculus
- Connects lateral PFC (prefrontal cortex) with lateral posterior temporal lobes
- Important for language
-
Note:
- AF really only connects very posterior superior temporal cortex with frontal lobe
Inferior logitudinal fasciculus
Connects Temporal and Occipital Lobes
Temporal-frontal Extreme Capsule Fasciculus
- Part of the Extreme Capsule
- Lateral mid-temporal with lateral frontal cortex
Uncinate Fasciculus
Connects the orbitofrontal cortex and temporal lobes
Extreme Capsule
- Connects the insula with other cortex
- Contains the Temporal-frontal extreme capsule fasciculus
Fasciculus
Fasciculus means bundle
What is really important about the arcuate fasciculus?
- Geschwind emphazised the importance of the arcuate fasciculus to connect Broca’s and Wernicke’s area in the language dominant domain
Language Pathways
- Arcuate Fasciculus
- Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus
- Branches II and III
- Temporal-frontal extreme capsule fasciculus
Subcortical Structures
- Thalamus
-
Basal Ganglia
- Amygdala
-
Striatum
- Globus Pallidus
- Putamen
- Caudate Nucleus
The image here is an image of the Basal Ganglia and the Thalamus (behind the Basal Ganglia).
Thalamus
- Grand central station
- Consists of many nuclei that regulate different types of information
Striatum
Consists of the Putamen, Caudate Nucleus and Globus Pallidus.
Does not include the amygdala
Globus Pallidus
- Paleostriatum
- Pale globe
Putamen and Caudate Nucleus
- Only one structure in rats
Basal Ganglia
- Includes the striatum, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and other structures
- Important for motor learning and procedural memory
Cortico-Subcortical Connections
- Also referred to as projection fibres
- External Capsule
- Internal Capsule
Look at Lecture 4 slide 14
External Capsule
- Motor cortex primarly to Putamen
- uni-directional
Internal Capsule
- Massive white matter highway connecting the subcortex to cortex
- bidirectional
