Personality PR C. 7 Flashcards
Personality is made up of someone’s patterns of thoughts, feelings and memories. What theory does this follow
Psychoanalytic theory
Sigmund Freud believes what two instinctual drives motivate human behaviour?
The libido: the life instinct (sometimes called sexual drive but includes more than just sexual energy)
FOCUSED - behaviours focused on survival, pleasure, growth, creativity, pain avoidance
The death instinct: drives aggressive behaviour, fuels by an unconscious wish to die or to hurt oneself or others
Define the ID?
Source of energy and instincts , RULED by pleasure.
NO LOGIC OR MORAL REASONING
ICEBERG - strictly unconscious
Define the EGO?
Fuelled by the Reality Principle
Uses logic and planning to control the consciousness and the ID
Find realistic ways to satisfy the ID
ICEBURG - conscious, pre conscious and unconscious
Define the SUPEREGO?
Inhibits the ID and influences the ego to follow moral and idealistic goals rather than just realistic goals (HIGHER PURPOSE)
Makes right and wrong judgements and strives for perfection
Strives for pride and self love
Avoids psychological punishment of guilt and inferiority
ICEBURG - all three sections (conscious, pre conscious and unconscious )
Ego defence mechanisms
Repression
Denial
Reaction formation (exact opposite reaction to what one is actually feeling)
Projections
Displacement (example, someone goes home and kicks dog instead of expressing anger to boss)
Rationalization
Regression
Sublimation (channeling aggression into something positive such as creating art)
What is humanistic theory and who developed it?
Humanistic theory focuses on healthy personality development and humans are seem as inherently good and having free will.
Basic motive - actualizing tendency: to maintain and enhance the organism; people work/grow towards self actualization.
CARL ROGERS
Feeling when you encounter experiences in life that contradict your self-concept
Incongruence
Personality is a result of learned behaviour patterns based on personal environments. People begin as blank slates
Behaviourist perspective
A student who studies very hard and receives an excellent score on the MCAT, ONLY TO FEEL A CALLING TOWARDS ACTING, will likely feel pressured to go to med school to justify the work they put into the process
Justification of effort
When we feel tensions between two beliefs or thoughts that are incompatible with one another
Cognitive dissonance
What are the 6 universal emotions
Happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, disgust, anger
What is the law that dictates that students will perform best when they are moderately aroused. (sweet sport)
The Yerkes-Dodson law —> related to social facilitation
Basically flips the common sense notion of how emotional is experienced
Physiological response —> emotion
James-Lange Theory does PE
Argues that physiological responses and emotion are independent and simultaneously.
after severing cats afferent nerves, found that cats still expressed emotion
Cannon-Bard cuts cats
