Personality Disorders Flashcards
What is a personality trait?
-An enduring, repetitive pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself
What is a personality disorder?
- Inflexible, maladaptive, and rigidly pervasive pattern of behavior causing subjective distress and/or impaired functioning; person is usually not aware of problem
- usually presents by early adulthood
Should personality disorders be diagnosed in children?
-No because personality develoment is not complete
is the diagnosis of personality disorder reliable in elderly population?
-no!
What is Cluster A?
-Paranoid personality disorder: characterized by irrational suspicions and mistrust of others
What is Schizoid personality disorder?
- lack of interest in social relationships, seeing no point in sharing time with others
- Appear different to the praise or criticism of others and often seem cold or aloof
- marked by little pleasure in activities
- lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives
What is the go to answer if we need to pick a therapy for the person?
- cognitive behavioral therapy!!!!
- if we have no idea what the answer is, our odds are best when picking these
What is Schizotypal personality disorder?
- odd behavior or thinking
- ideas of reference
- odd beliefs or magical thinking
- vague, circumstantial, or stereotyped speech
- Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity
What is Cluster B personality disorders?
-Dramatic, emotional or erratic disorders
What is antisocial personality disorder?
-pervasive disregard for the law and the rights of others
What is Borderline personality disorder?
-exteme “black and white” thinking, instability in relationships, self-image, identity, and behavior
What is Histrionic personality disorder?
-pervasive attention-seeking behavior including inappropriate sexual seductiveness and shallow or exaggerated emotions
What is Narcissistic personality disorder?
-a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy
What is antisocial personality disorder?
- repeated violations of law
- pervasive lying and deception
- physical aggressiveness
- reckless disregard for safety of self or others
- consistent irresponsibility in work and family environments
- lack of remorse
Is antisocial personality disorder more prevalent in men or in women?
-3x more prevalent in men
What is borderline personality disorder?
- frantic efforts to avoid expected abandonment
- unstable self image
- affective intability
- chronic feelings of emptiness
- 3x more common in women than men
How are borderline personality disorder people?
- very manipulative
- immature personality traits: teddy bear, tweety bird
- Need to set rigid boundaries when treating these pts
- are often victim of sexual abuse or emotional abuse
- have a high rate of comorbid major depression
What is labelle indifference in the histrionic personality disorder?
-a seemingly indifferent detachment, while describing dramatic physical symptoms
What is Cluster C ?
-anxious or fearful disorders
What is avoidant personality disorder?
-Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation and avoidance of social interaction
what is dependent personality disorder?
-pervasive psychological dependence on other people
What is Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?
-Characterized by rigid conformity to rules, moral codes and excessive orderliness
How does avoidant personality disorder differ from schozoid personality disorder?
- the desire relationships with others
- paralyzed by their fear and sensitivity into social isolation
- shy but not as odd as cluster A types
If someone cuts, what do we think of?
Borderline personality disorder
Does multiple personality disorder exist?
-no
What does DSM 5 describe multiple personality disorder as?
-Dissociative identity disorder
What is dissoviative identity disorder?
-presence of two or more distinct idnetities or personality states
What is psychodynamic psychotherapy?
- examines the ways that patients perceive events
- assumption that perceptions are shaped by early life
- identify perceptual distortions and their historical sources
- facilitate the development of more adaptive modes of perception and response
- frequency from several times a week to once a month; it makes use of transference
What is cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)?
- deals with how people think about their world and their perception of it
- typically limited to episodes of 6-20 weeks, once weekly
What is group psychotherapy?
- allows interpersonal psychopathology to display itself among peer pts
- usually once weekly over a course that may range from several months to years
What is Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?*****Know this
- skills-based therapy
- applied to borderline personality disorder
- manual-based therapy is on the development of coping skills to improve affective stability and impulse control and on reducing self-harmful behavior
- Also being used with other cluster B personality disorders to reduce impulsive behavior
What is the deal with medications in this lecture?
- not curative for any personality disorder
- adjunct to psychotherapy so that the pt may productively engage in psychotherapy
- tx of symptom clusters such as cognitive-perceptual sx, affective dysregulation, and impulsive-behavioral dyscontrol
Which drugs are safe and reasonably effective?
-SSRY’s and newer antidepressants
Which anticonvulsant do we use?
- Valproic acid
- impulse control
Which disorder has homicide as a potential complication?
-paranoid and antisocial personality disorders
Are disorders lifelong?
-yes
Do cluster A and B personality disorders become les severe or more severe in middle age and late life?
-less severe
Which cluster personality have the worst prognosis?
- Cluster B personality disorders
- Susceptible to problems of substance abuse
- impulse control, and suicidal behavior, which may shorten their lives
Which cluster thing tends to become exaggerated in later life?
-Cluster C characteristics
