ADHD Flashcards
1
Q
Where does ADHD lives?
A
- The pre frontal cortex
- that is where working memory comes from
2
Q
What age does the PFC finish myelinating?
A
-25 years old
3
Q
Is there a strong genetic influence for ADHD?
A
- hell yes!
- gneetic imbalance in DA and noradrenergic systems…. several genes play a role
4
Q
Subtypes of ADHD
A
- Predominately inattentive type
- predominatley hyperactive-impulsive- start at 4 yr, max 6-8 yr
- combined type is the most common **
5
Q
Diagnositc criteria- inattention
A
- careless mistakes
- difficulty sustaining attention
- does not seem to listen
- does not follow through on tasks
- not organized
- avoids sustained mental effort
- loses things
- is easily distracted
6
Q
Diagnositc Criteria- hyperactivity/impulsivity
A
- fidgets or squirms
- inappropriately leaves seat
- inappropriately runs or climbs
- has difficulty playing quietly
- is “on the go”
- talks excessively
- blurts out answers
7
Q
What is the “filter in our brain”
A
-the PFC
8
Q
Is ADHD a chronic illness?
A
-yes
9
Q
Diagnositc evaluation for ADHD
A
- child’s hx and functioning
- family hx and functioning
- school information
- rating scales- parent and teacher
- interview and physical exam of child
- consider psychological/educational evaulation
- computer diagnositc: TOVA, IVA-CPT
10
Q
What do we do for medical tx of adhd?
A
- Monitor or treat co-morbidities
- educate pt and family
- set goals with family and school
- ADHD is a chronic disorder…. 65% of children with ADHD will have sx as adolexcents
11
Q
What is the most effective tx for ADHD?
A
- medication!
- good behavior management program
- 70-80% of children will respond to stimulants
12
Q
What are some common stimulant side eects?
A
- decreased appetite- give with or after meals
- difficulty falling asleep
- tics
- stomachaches, give with food
- headaches
13
Q
What is the movement center in the brain that is associated with tics… involuntary movements?
A
-the caudate!!!
14
Q
What are the stimulants?
A
- methyphenidate products
- D-MPH
- D-amphetamine
- Mixed salts
15
Q
Cardiac warnings
A
- don’t use stimulant if heart disease
- concern about patients with undiagnosed heart disease and long term effects
- EEF not needed if cardiac hx is negative
