Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Abnormal Pyschology > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Features for diagnosis

A
  1. Pattern manifestation in 2+ areas (Cognition,emotion, interpersonal functioning or impulse control)
  2. Rigid and consistent pattern across many contexts
  3. Distress/ impairment
  4. Stability and long duration of symptoms
  5. Behaviour not caused by another mental illness
  6. Behaviour not caused by substance abuse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Areas of pattern manifestation

A

Cognition
Emotion
Interpersonal Functioning
Impulse control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How should Personality Disorders be assessed

A

Through structured interviews

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Can Personality Disorders be self-assessed

A

No, they should only be assessed through structured interviews

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Diagnostic issues in PDs

A 
Low reliability (time and people)
Gender/ Cultural issues 
Co-morbidity/overlap
Weak treatment efficacy 
Poorly understood etiology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Etiology Theories

A

Psychodynamic
Attachment Theory
Cognitive Behavioural
Biological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Psychodynamic Theories

A

Problem in parent-child relationships leads to

inadequate sense of self

Issues relating to other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Attachment Theories

A

Poor parent-child attachment > Poor adult attachment > Interpersonal relationship problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cognitive Behavioural Theories

A

Rigid, inflexible schemas
Invalidating environment
Modelling inappropriate behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Biological Theories

A

Genetics
Brain Functioning
Emotion Regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cluster A Personality Disorders

A

Odd/Eccentric Disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What disorders are included in Cluster A PDs

A

Paranoid Disorder
Schizoid Disorder
Schizotypal Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

Pervasive distrust and suspicion of others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many Criterion must be met for a Paranoid PD diagnosis

A

4+ criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder more common in which gender

A

Males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorder

A

Pervasive disinterest in social relationships and restricted affect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many criterion must be met for a schizoid PD diagnosis

A

4+ criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Schizoid PD and social skills

A

They don’t have social skills and are not interested in learning them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

A

Pervasive pattern and social deficits, discomfort in interpersonal relationships, and perceptual distortion or eccentricities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Treatment of Schizotypal Disorder

A

Anti-Psychotics and Anti-Depressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Schizotypal PD more common in

A

Males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How to Cluster A PDs differ from schizophrenia

A

Schizophrenia is more severe

Schizotypal Pd may be a mild form of schizophrenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Can Cluster A PDs predict psychotic disorders

A

Cluster A PDs can be a precursor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When may Cluster A PDs appear

A

Childhood and Adolescents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Cluster B PDs
Dramatic, Emotional or Erratic Disorders
26
What disorders are included in Cluster B PDs
Antisocial PD Borderline PD Histrionic PD Narcissistic PD
27
Are Antisocial and Psychopathy the same disorder
No they are different Not all people with APD are psychopaths
28
Which is more severe APD or Psychopathy
Psychopathy is more severe
29
Is psychopathy a formal diagnosis
No, there is no formal diagnosis of psychopathy
30
Most psychopaths have APD
True
31
Most APD individuals are psychopaths
False Only a small proportion have APD individuals have psychopathy
32
Antisocial PD
Pervasive disregard for and violation of the rights of others
33
How many criterion must be met for a APD
3+ criteria
34
Must have conduct disorder prior to the age of 15 to be diagnosised with APD
True
35
How much does heiritability account for aggression
44% to 72%
36
Fearlessness Hypothesis of APD
APD individuals are less prone to fear therefore less inhibited to dangerous and illicit activities
37
Reliability of APD
High behavioural reliability
38
Treatment of APD
Psychotherapy (aimed at symptoms and behaviour) | Meds (Manage threatening behaviour)
39
Factors for psychopathy
1. Interpersonal and affective ( superficially charming, grandiose, pathological lying, lack of remorse) 2. Antisocial behaviour and lifestyle (Easily bored, lack of realistic long-term goals, impulsive, irresponsible) 3. Promiscuous (casual sexual relationships) 4. Many short-term relationships
40
Assessment of psychopathy
Psychopathy checklist High validity
41
Can psychopathy predict future violence
Yes it can
42
Psychopaths commit what types of violence
Cold blooded Goal oriented Sadistic and Gratuitous
43
Biological Theories of Psychopathy
Hypoactive amygdala | Genetics
44
Environmental theories of Psychopathy
Abusive environment and disturbed living arrangements
45
Primary Psychopaths
Lack fear
46
Secondary Psychopaths
Sensitivity to rewards
47
Treatment of Psychopathy
Treatment- resistant Contingency management Intensive supervision Preventive Detention
48
Borderline PD
Pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect with marked impulsivity
49
How many criteria are needed for BPD
5+ criteria
50
What % retain a BPD diagnosis after 10 years
50%
51
Biological etiology
Mild brain dysfunction
52
Childhood experiences causing BPD
Child abuse/neglect Child sexual abuse Attachment problems with parents Modelling Linehan's Biosocial Theory
53
Linehan's Biosocial Theory
BPD is a dysfunction of emotion regulation
54
Treatment for BPD
DBT 4 Modules over 12 months
55
BPD medication treatment
Anti-depressants Anti-psychotics Anti- Convulsants
56
What are anti-convulsants used for in BPD
Emotional instability | Impulsivity
57
Histrionic PD
Excessive emotionality and attention-seeking
58
How many symptoms are needed for a HPD diagnosis
5+ symptoms
59
Cultural consideration of HPD
Behaviour must be distressing or impairing functioning
60
Narcissistic PD
Pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy
61
How many symptoms are needed for a NPD diagnosis
5+ symptoms
62
What is NPD associated with
Frequent internet and social media use
63
Gender Differences in NPD
50% - 75% are males
64
Cluster C PDs
Anxious and Fearful Disorders
65
What disorders are under Cluster C
Avoidant PD Dependent PD Obsessive-compulsive PD
66
Avoidant PD
Social Inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation
67
How many symptoms are needed for an Avoidant PD diagnosis
4+ symptoms
68
Precursor for Avoidant PD
Shyness
69
What is Avoidant PD similar to
Social anxiety but more severe
70
Gender Differences in Avoidant PD
Occurs equally in men and women
71
Dependent PD
Need to be taken care of, leading to clingy behaviour and fear of separation
72
How many symptoms are needed for an Avoidant PD diagnosis
5+ symptoms
73
When should a DPD diagnosis not be made
When dependent behaviour is necessary Kids Elders
74
In which cultures is there a high prevalence of DPD
Individualistic cultures
75
Obsessive-Compulsive PD
Pattern of perfection, order and control
76
How many symptoms are needed for an OCPD diagnosis
4+ symptoms
77
Gender Differences in OCPD
More common in males
78
How is OCPD different from OCD
There is a pattern of inflexibility and perfectionism in OCPD Obsessions and Compulsions occur in OCD
79
What makes the treatment of PDs difficult
PDs are ego-syntonic illnesses (Person doesn't find a problem) High drop-out rates Difficult therapeutic alliance
80
Therapy for PDs
Object-relations therapy CBT
81
CBT for PDs
Cognitive Restructuring Schema focused Therapy Dialectical Behavioural Therapy Social Skills Training

Abnormal Pyschology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions