Gender and Sexual Disorders Flashcards
Diagnostic Issues
Frequency not most important
Distress and dissatisfaction
Sexual Response cycle
Excitement
Plateau
Orgasm
Resolution
Excitement
Increased bloodflow to genitals
Muscular tension
Physical Arousal
Increased heart rate and breathing
Plateau
Additional swelling of genitals
Orgasm
Rhythmic muscle contractions
Resolution
Return to prearoused state
Alternative Model of Sexual Stages (DEO)
Desire
Excitement
Orgasm
Desire
Pyschological arousal
2 stages of male orgasm
Stage 1: Seminal fluid gathers at urethral bulb
Stage 2: Ejaculation, contraction leads to expulsion
What is the DSM-5 diagnosis of Sexual dsyfunction based off of?
The sexual stage (DEO) affected by the disorder
4 subtypes of Sexual Dysfunction
Lifelong
Aquired
Generalized
Specific
Linglong subtype
Person has always experienced problem
Aquired subtype
Recent onset
Generalized subtype
Apparent with all partners and solidary activity
Specific subtype
Apparent in only one situation
Male hypoactive sexuyal desire disorder
Low sexual interest
Female sexual interest/arousal disorder
Low sexual interest/ arousal
Erectile Disorder
Difficulties obtaining or mantaining an erection
Female Orgasmic Disorder
Delayed, infrequent, absent or less intense orgasms
Delayed Ejaculation
Delayed,infrequent or absent ejaculation
Premature ejaculation
Recurrent ejaculation within 1 minute following vaginal penetration
Genito-Pelvic pain/penertration disorder
Reccurrent
Vaginal pain during sex
Vulvovaginal or pelvic pain during sex/penetration
Fear or anxiety about penetration
Tensing or tightening of pelvic floor muscles during penetration
Hypersexuality
Loss of control over
Sexual urges
Fantasies
Behaviours
Is hypersexuality a diagnosible condition in the DSM-5
No it is not currently diagnosible
How is hypersexuality assessed
Total sexual outlet (TSO)
7+ orgasms/week for > 6 months
What physical factors impact arousal disorders
Age
Medical conditions
Meds
Loss of androgens
What psychological factors impact arousal disorders
Performance Anxiety Psyc conditions Relationship problems Trauma Substance Abuse Attitudes about sex
What physical factors impact orgasmic disorders
Meds
Physical Trauma
Narcotics Withdrawal
Low Threshold for physical stimulation
What psychological factors impact orgasmic disorders
Performance Anxiety
Sexual knowledge
Inability to let go
Relationship Problems
Conditioning
Cause for Sexual Pain Disorder
Sexual attitudes
Lack of sexual education
Unpleasant/ traumatic sexual experiences
Cognitive styles
Conditioning: Distress. avoidance of pain
Sex Therapy
Couples therapy
Effective communication and body exploration
Sensate focus: Desensitization of sexual fears
Behavioural techniques: Start-stop techniques
What disorders does Sex Therapy help the most
Premature ejaculation
Sexual pain disorders
Physical Treatment
Meds
Physiotherapy
Erection Devices
Surgery: penile implant
Sexual Arousal Disorders
Female Sexual Interest/ Arousal Disorder
Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
Male Erectile Disorder
Orgasmic Disorders
Delayed Ejaculation
Female Orgasmic Disorder
Premature (early) orgasm disorder
3 aspects of gender
Sexual Orientation
Gender Identity
Gender Role
Sexual orientation
Romantic or Sexual Attraction
Gender Identity
Sense of self as male or female
Gender Pronouns
Gender Role
Characteristics considered masculine and feminine
How is sex determined
Biologically
Socially
Biological sex
Gonads: testes vs ovaries Chromosomes: XX (Female )/XY (Male) Prenatal hormones Inner organs: Fallopian tubes External genitalia
Transsexual
People who feel they have been assigned the wrong gender
Hemaphrodisim
Partially male and partially female organs
Gender Dysphoria
Mismatch between assigned sex and experienced sex
At least 6+ months + distress
DSM-5 seperates Adults/Adolecents from children
Criteria for gender dysphoria in Adults
2+ symptoms for 6+ months + distress
Mismatch experience
Desire to get rid of sexual chracteristics
Strong desire for other gender’s chracteristcs
Desire to be a different gender
Desire to be treated as different gender
Belief your reactions and behaviours are typical of the other gender
Criteria for gender Dysphoria in Children
6+ symptoms
Strong desire to be other gender or insistence that one is the other gender (necessary for diagnosis)
Strong preference for other gender’s clothing
Strong preference for other gender’s roles in fantasy play
Strong preference for other gender’s toys
Strong preference for playmates of the other gender
Strong rejection of assigned gender’s activities
Strong dislike of own sexual anatomy
Strong desire for sexual characteristics of other gender
How many criterions needed for an Adult diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria
2+
How many crietrion needed for a child diagnosis of GD
6+
Causes for GD
Biological
Psychosocial
Biological causes of GD
Prenatal hormones
High heritability
Psychosocial causes for GD
Encouragement of gender-inappropriate behaviour
Failure to separate from parent
Lack of same sex role model
