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Behavioral Health > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Define Personality Disorder

A

Enduring pattern of inner experience or behavior that deviates from expectations of culture, manifested in two or more of the following: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control

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2
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Personality Disorders

A

Pattern leads to distress, impairment
Patter is stable & of long duration
Pattern not explained by another disorder
Pattern not due to substance abuse or medical condition

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3
Q

What are personality disorders linked to?

A

Mortality
Heart disease
Life satisfaction & well-being

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4
Q

Are personality disorders costly?

A

Yes

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5
Q

When there is a co-morbid personality disorder and Axis I disorder which disorder should you treat first?

A

Personality disorder

Will help the Axis I pathology

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6
Q

Cluster A Personality Disorders

A

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

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7
Q

Cluster B Personality Disorders

A

Histrionic
Antisocial
Borderline
Narcissistic

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8
Q

Cluster C Personality Disorders

A

Compulsive
Avoidant
Dependent

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9
Q

6 Types of Personality Disorders Based on DSM 5

A 
Antisocial
Avoidant
Borderline
Narcissistic
Obsessive-Compulsive
Schizotypal
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10
Q

Which cluster of personality disorders is described as odd or eccentric?

A

Cluster A

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11
Q

Which cluster of personality disorders is described as dramatic, emotional, erratic?

A

Cluster B

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12
Q

Which cluster of personality disorders is described as anxious or fearful?

A

Cluster C

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13
Q

What does cluster A personality disorders not have?

A

Psychosis

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14
Q

Define Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

Lack of trust in others
Fear that friends may be disloyal, unfaithful
Being hypersensitive, overly suspicious, perceived as hostile

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15
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder DSM-V Criteria

A

Pervasive distrust
Suspicion of others
Suspects that others are exploiting, harming, deceiving
Preoccupied with unjustified doubts of loyalty or trustworthiness of people
Reluctant to confide in others
Reads hidden, demeaning, threatening meaning into benign actions
Persistently bears grudges
Perceives attacks on reputation
Unjustified suspicions about fidelity of others

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16
Q

Epidemiology of Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

Men > Women

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17
Q

Co-occuring Disorders with Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

GAD
Panic disorder
Delusional disorder
Other personality disorders

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18
Q

Treatment for Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

CBT to challenge paranoid thoughts
SSRI’s to reduce suspiciousness
Day treatment programs

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19
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Schizoid Personality Disorder

A

Detachment from social relationships
Restricted emotions
Neither desires nor enjoys social relationships
Prefers solitary activities
Has little interest in sexual experiences
Gets pleasure from few activities
Lacks close friends
Appears indifferent to praise or criticism
Shows emotional coldness, detachment, flat affect

20
Q

Treatment for Schizoid Personality Disorder

A

Not likely to seek help
Social skills training
Low dose antipsychotics or antidepressants

21
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder

A 
Acute discomfort with social relationships
Eccentric behavior
Ideas of reference
Odd beliefs
Unusual perceptual experiences
Odd speech
Suspiciousness or paranoid ideation
Inappropriate or constricted affect
Odd or eccentric appearance & behavior
Lack of close friends
Excessive social anxiety
22
Q

Treatment for Schizotypal Personality Disorder

A

Social Skills Training

Low dose antipsychotics or antidepressants

23
Q

Difference Between Schizoid & Schizotypal

A

Schizotypal: avoid social interaction because of fear of people
Schizoid: feel no desire to form relationships

24
Q

Characteristics of Cluster B Personality Disorders

A

Self-absorbed
Prone to exaggerate importance of events
Difficulty maintaining close relationships

25
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

Pattern of disregard for rights of others since age 15
Failure to conform to social norms, respect lawful behavior
Deceitfulness, lying, conning others for profit or pleasure
Impulsivity, failure to plan ahead
Irritability, aggressiveness, repeated fights
Reckless disregard for safety of others
Consistent irresponsibility, failure to honor obligations
Lack of remorse
Individual is at least 18
Evidence of CD before 15
Occurrence not exclusively during course of schizophrenia or a manic episode

26
Q

Epidemiology of Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

Men > Women
Highest prevalence: men 25-44
Higher rates in prison, forensic settings, & substance abuse treatment programs

27
Q

Treatment of Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

Court ordered
Anger management
Medication to treat impulsivity, aggressiveness, explosiveness & violence
Group therapy

28
Q

Define Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior that involves instability of mood, self-image, interpersonal relationships; frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment; unrealistically positive or negative opinions about others

29
Q

Epidemiology of Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Women > Men
Threats/actions of self-harm common
Black & white thinking

30
Q

Common Co-morbidities with Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Mood disorder
Anxiety disorder
Substance use disorders

31
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Instability in relationships
Instability in self-image
Marked impulsivity
Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
Pattern of unstable, intense relationships
Identity disturbance
Impulsivity in 2+ areas that are self-damaging
Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, threats
Affective instability
Chronic feelings of emptiness
Inappropriate intense anger
Transient, stress-related paranoid ideas

32
Q

Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Medications to treat target symptoms
Acute inpatient psychiatry
DBT- treatment of choice
CBT

33
Q

Define Histrionic Personality Disorder

A

Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior characterized by excessive emotionality & attention-seeking behavior

34
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder Characteristics

A

Self-centered
Vain
Demanding
Dresses eccentrically, seductively

35
Q

DSM-5 Criteria for Histrionic Personalty Disorder

A

Excessive emotionality
Attention-seeking
Being uncomfortable when not center of attention
Interactions characterized by provocative, sexually seductive behavior
Rapidly shifting & shallow moods
Consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self
Style of speech excessively impressionistic, lacking in detail
Shows self-dramatization, exaggerated expression of emotion
Suggestible, easily influenced
Considers relationships more intimate than they are

36
Q

Treatment of Histrionic Personality Disorder

A

CBT

Group therapy

37
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Narcissistic Personality Disorder

A 
Need for admiration
Lack of empathy
Grandiose sense of self-importance
Preoccupied with fantasies of power, success, love
Believes he/she is special or unique
Sense of entitlement
Takes advantage of others to achieve own needs
Often envious of others
Arrogant, haughty
38
Q

Treatment for Narcissistic Personality Disorder

A

Anger management
Psychotherapy for Axis I
Group therapy

39
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Avoidant Personality Disorder

A

Pervasive pattern of social inhibition
Feelings of inadequacy
Hypersensitivity to negative evaluation
Avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact (fear of criticism, disapproval, or rejection)
Unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked
Shows restraint with intimate relationships because of fear of being shamed or ridiculed
Preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations
Inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy
Self view of socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others
Unusually reluctant to take personal risks or engage in new activities

40
Q

Treatment of Avoidant Personality Disorder

A

CBT
Group therapy
Social skills training
SSRIs

41
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

A

Preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or schedules (major point of activity is lost)
Shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion
Excessively devoted to work & productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities & friendships
Overconscientious, scrupulous & inflexible about morality, ethics, or values
Unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when no sentimental value
Reluctant to delegate tasks or work with others
Adopts a miserly spending style toward both self & others
Rigid & stubborn

42
Q

Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

A

CBT

Seek treatment for anxiety attacks, sexual dysfunction, fatigue, or request of family

43
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Dependent Personality Disorder

A

Difficulty making everyday decisions without advice & reassurance from others
needs others to assume responsibility for most major areas of life
Difficulty expressing disagreement with others (fear of loss of support or approval)
Difficulty initiating projects or doing things on own
Goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance & support from others
Feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone (fear of unable to care for self)
Urgently seeks another relationship as source of care/support when close relationship ends
Unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of self

44
Q

Co-Morbid Conditions with Dependent Personality Disorder

A

Social phobia
PTSD
GAD

45
Q

Treatment of Dependent Personality Disorder

A

Medication for specific symptoms
CBT
Psychodynamic

46
Q

DSM-V Criteria for Personality Disorder

A

Significant impairments in self (identity or self-direction) & interpersonal (empathy or intimacy) functioning
One or more pathological personality trait domains or facets
Impairments in personality functioning & the individual’s personality trait expression are relatively stable across time & consistent across situations

Behavioral Health (25 decks)

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