Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Behavioral Health > Pediatric Psychology > Flashcards

Pediatric Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Potential Roles of Primary Care Clinicians

A 
Prevention
Early identification/screening
Early intervention/engagement
Referral/collaborative care
Monitoring progress in care
Care coordination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Barriers of Mental Health Care in Primary Care Settings

A 
Ambivalence/variability
Discomfort
Time constraints
Poor payment
Variable access to MH specialty resources
Administrative barriers to MH services
Limited information exchange with MH specialists
Stigma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Assisting a Parent Caring for a Child with a Disability

A 
Seek the assistance of other parent
Know that you are not alone
Rely o positive resources in your life
Take it one day at a time
Seek information
Do not be intimidated
Maintain a positive outlook
Find programs for your child
Take care of yourself
Keep daily routines as normal as possible
KEEP YOUR SENSE OF HUMOR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is important in the assessment of a psychiatric condition in a pediatric patient?

A

Developmental milestones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Approach to the Adolescent Mental Health Patient

A

No judgements or assumptions
Rules of confidentiality: outline the rules, not absolute, ask them to explain confidentiality, alone time with the patient
HEADSSS assessment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define HEADSSS

A 
H: home
E: education
A: activities
D: drugs
S: sex
S: suicide/depression
S: safety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define Intellectual Disability

A

Neurodevelopment disorder with multiple etiologies that encompass a broad spectrum of functioning, disability, and strengths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define Global Developmental Delay

A

Children under 5 who fail to meet expected developmental milestones and have significant impairments in several areas of functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Two Components of Intellectual Disability

A

Adaptive behavior

Intellectual functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define Adaptive Behavior

A

Collection of conceptual, social, and practical skills that all people learn in order to function in their daily lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define Intellectual Functioning

A

Reasoning, learning, and problem solving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Clinical Features of a Patient with an Intellectual Disability

A

Parent concerns
Younger sibling overtakes an older sibling
Fails to meet expected developmental milestones
Immature behavior
Difficulty learning
Severely affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Causes of Intellectual Disability

A

Genetic
Embryonic development
Congenital infections
Congenital hypothyroidism
Teratogens: alcohol, lead & valproate
Environmental deprivation (Abuse/neglect)
Hereditary abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Screening Tools for Intellectual Disability

A

Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ): 4-60 months
Bayley Infant Neurodevelopment Screener (BINS): 4-25 months
Brigance Screens-II: 4-90 months
Infant-Toddler Checklist for Language and Communications: 6-24 months
Parent’s Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DSM V for Intellectual Disability Criteria

A

IQ = 70
Deficits or impairments in adaptive function in at least 2 of the following: communication, self-care, home living, social/interpersonal skills, use of community resources, self-direction, functional academic skills, work, leisure, health, safety
Onset before age 18 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Treatment of Intellectual Disability

A

Early intervention program
Multidisciplinary team support
Family support & counseling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Typical Learning Disabilities

A

Dyslexia
Dyscalculia
Dysgraphia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Epidemiology of Dyslexia

A

Boys > Girls
Run in families
Often in patients with ADHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Dyslexia

A

Delayed language production
Speech articulation difficulties
Difficulties remember letters, numbers, & colors
Reversals or visual confusions (b/d, m/w, h/n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Common Problems with Individuals with Dyslexia

A

Processing & understanding what they hear
Difficulty comprehending rapid instructions
Following more than one command at a time
Remembering the sequence of things
Reversals of letters (b/d)
Reversal of words (saw/was)
May read from right to left
May fail to see/hear similarities & differences in letters & words
May not recognize spacing between words
May be unable to sound out pronunciation of an unfamiliar word

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Dyslexia Screening & Diagnosis

A 
Medical exam
Cognitive exam
Sensory processing
Educational
Psychological factors
Vision
Hearing
Neurologic
Psychologic assessment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Treatment of Dyslexia

A

Remedial education
Testing can reveal areas to work on
Use several senses to learn
No way to correct underlying brain malfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dyslexia Prognosis

A

Tutoring each week
Progress may be slow
Milder forms: read well enough to succeed in school
Severe forms: may never be able to read well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Define Dyscalculia

A

Difficulty performing math calculations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Dyscalculia

A

Difficulty understanding number lines, carrying/borrowing numbers, word problems, & counting change or money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Strategies for Dyscalculia

A

Allow use of fingers & scratch paper
Use diagrams & draw math concepts
Provide peer assistance
Suggest use of graph paper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Define Dysgraphia

A

Learning disability resulting from the difficulty in expressing thoughts in writing

28
Q

Dysgraphia Difficulties

A

Handwriting
Grammar & syntax
Formulating, expressing, & organizing ideas in writing
Ability to use sound-letter relationships effectively

29
Q

Who can diagnose dysgraphia?

A

Psychologist who specializes in learning disabilities

30
Q

Treatment of Dysgraphia

A

Accommodations
Modifications: essays shorter or put in question form
Remediations: writing practice

31
Q

Define Enuresis

A

Repeated voiding of urine during the day or night into bed or clothing

32
Q

Define Encopresis

A

Repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places

33
Q

Define Primary Enuresis

A

Never have had a dry night

34
Q

Define Secondary Enuresis

A

Child is completely potty trained and then has a patch where the child wets the bed

35
Q

Common Causes of Enuresis

A

Failure to arouse
Increase production of urine while asleep
Overactive bladder

36
Q

Enuresis & Psychiatry/Psychology

A

Stressors: family crises, new school, new sibling

Become withdrawn & anxious

37
Q

Etiology of Daytime Incontinence

A

Overactive bladder

Constipation

38
Q

Diagnosing Enuresis

A

H&P
Voiding diary
UA with PVR
Abdominal X-ray

39
Q

What is included in a voiding diary?

A

Timing of daytime voids
Volume of voided urine
Lower urinary tract symptoms

40
Q

Treatment of Enuresis

A

Stop fluids before bed
Scheduled night waking
Alarms: underwear or bedding
Medications

41
Q

Medication Options for Enuresis

A

Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP)
Oxybutynin
Imipramine

42
Q

Two Types of Encopresis

A

Primary

Secondary

43
Q

Define Primary Encopresis

A

Has always soiled their pants

44
Q

Define Secondary Encopresis

A

Completely potty trained & then returns to soiling themselves

45
Q

Physical Cycle of Encopresis

A

Stool retention
Intestinal walls & nerves stretch
Retained stool becomes harder
Liquid stool passes around retained feces

46
Q

Clinical Presentation of Encopresis

A

Repeated soiling of underwear

Child denies visible & olfactory signs of soiling

47
Q

Psychological Effects of Encopresis

A

Struggle within the family
Conflict in other areas of child’s life
Homework with suffer
Chores may be ignored

48
Q

Diagnostics of Encopresis

A

Abdominal X-ray

49
Q

Management of Encopresis

A

Educate child on bowel function
Behavior or reward systems
Psychological counseling

50
Q

Treatment Goals for Encopresis

A

Establish regular bowel habits
Reduce stool retention
Restore normal physiological control over bowel function
Diffuse conflicts and reduce concerns

51
Q

Initial Treatment Phase of Encopresis

A

Enemas

Strong laxatives

52
Q

Maintenance Phase of Treatment of Encopresis

A

Schedules toilet times
Daily laxative
Proper diet: lots of fiber

53
Q

Define Autism

A

Neurodevelopment disorder that affects the functioning of the brain- primarily communication & social interaction

54
Q

Classic Autistic Disorder

A 
Limited emotional connection
Very into their own world
Constant routines
Deeply effected by noises, bright lights, & smells
Generally low functioning
55
Q

Key Diagnostic Features of Autism

A

Severe deficits in social responsiveness & interpersonal relationships
Abnormal speech & language development
Repetitive, rigid, or stereotypes interests or behaviors
Onset before age 3
Difficulty feeding
Focus on one thing at a time

56
Q

Key Features in Infancy for Autism

A

Delayed/absent social smile
Failure to anticipate interaction with parents
Lack of attention to parent’s face

57
Q

Key Features in Toddlers for Autism

A

Deficiencies in imitative play
Lack of interest in interactions with others
Language development delay

58
Q

Communication Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

Avoid eye contact
Act as if deaf
Develop language, then abruptly stop talking
Fail to use spoken language, without compensating by gesture

59
Q

Exploration of Environment Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

Remain fixated on a single item or activity
Repetitive actions like rocking or hand-flapping
Sniff or lick toys or put unusual objects in mouth or need toys to chew on
Show no sensitivity to burns or bruises, & engage in self-mutilation
Intensely preoccupied with a single subject, activity, or gesture
Show distress over change
Insist on routine or rituals with no purpose
Lack fear

60
Q

Social Relationships of Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

Act as if unaware of the coming & going of others
Are inaccessible
Fail to seek comfort
Fail to develop relationships with peers
Have problems seeing things from another person’s perspective
May physically attack & injure others without provocation

61
Q

Complications of Autism

A

30% develop seizure disorder
Higher cognitive individuals may become depressed as they become aware of their deficits
Some adults live in 24 hour care centers

62
Q

Specifications fo Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

With/without accompanying intellectual impairment
With/without accompanying language impairment
Associated with a known medical or genetic condition
Associated with another neurodevelopment, mental, or behavioral disorder
With catatonia

63
Q

Rankings of Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

1: requiring support
2: requiring substantial support
3: requiring very substantial support

64
Q

Treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorders

A

Require specialized therapy, special schooling
Special techniques & psychotherapeutic approaches
Sometimes antipsychotic drugs & antidepressants

65
Q

Specialized Therapeutic & Teaching Approaches for Autism Spectrum Disorders

A

Applied behavior analysis (ABA)
Picture exchange communication system (PECS)
Early start Denver model (ESDM)
More than words
Treatment & educations of autistic & communication related handicapped children (TEACCH)
Child’s talk

66
Q

Screening Tools for Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT)
Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers & young children (STAT)
Child look & point when they want you to see something?
Child look when you point to something?
Child use imagination to play?

Behavioral Health (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions