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PE- sports psychology > personality > Flashcards

personality Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of personality

A

a persons unique pattern of traits they are stable and enduring
it is predictable and we often show the same behaviour

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2
Q

why is personality good for sports

A

good for coaches as all performers are different so important to understand how to motivate them
linked with choice of sport and success

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3
Q

what is nature

A

born that way

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4
Q

what is nurture

A

developed through life experiences and observing others

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5
Q

what is the personality equation

A

B=f(P)

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6
Q

what is eysencks trait theory

A

uses two dimensions (extroversion and introversion + stable and neurotic)
suggest that everywhere is somewhere on the lines
these are measured by the eysenck personality inventory

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7
Q

what does stable mean and characteritics

A

ANS responds slowly to situations
even tempered and easy gping

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8
Q

what does neurotic mean and characteristics

A

ANS responds rapidly and strongly to stressful situations
restless anxious and excitable

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9
Q

what does ANS stand of

A

automatic nervous system

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10
Q

what does RAS stand for

A

reticular activating system

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11
Q

what does extrovert mean and characteristics

A

RAS reduces incoming stimulus leading to under arousal, they need optimal stimulation to to maintain optimum levels of brain activity
social, out going

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12
Q

what does introvert mean and characteristics

A

RAS increases incoming stimulus leading to over arousal, dont need external stimulation
quiet reserved

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13
Q

what is cattells trait theory

A

used a self report study which assess overall personality (16 different types)
suggests that personality could change with the situation

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14
Q

what is type A and B personality theory also known as

A

the narrow band approach

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15
Q

what is type a

A

highly competitive
desire to succeed
need to be in control
prone to stress

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16
Q

what is type b

A

non competitive
lacks desire to succeed
doesnt enjoy control
less prone to stress

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17
Q

what is sheldons theory

A

personality is categorised into three personalities based on physical make up and the relationship between build and behaviour

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18
Q

what are the three categories in sheldons theory

A

endomorph
ectomorph
mesomorph

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19
Q

what is an endomorphs build and personality

A

build- round and tend to have wide hips and narrow shoulders with alot of body fat
personality- sociable, fun, tolerant, even tempered, relaxed

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20
Q

what is an ectomorphs build and personality

A

build- narrow shoulders and hips with a narrow chest and abs with very litttle body fat
personality- self conscious, intoverted, inhibited socially anxious thoughtful

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21
Q

what is a mesomorph build and personality

A

build- broad shoulders and narrow waist, muscular and little body fat
personality- adventurous courageous assertive competitive extroverted

22
Q

what are some limitations with Sheldon’s approach

A

generalises the personalities
no environment or social influences
sport choice may be influenced by personality
may lose weight

23
Q

what does the interactionist approach suggest

A

personality is a result of inherent traits and learned behaviour

24
Q

what 2 approaches are combined to get interactionist

A

trait and social learning theory

25
Q

what is the lewin approach

A

traits are born and adapted and used according to the situation. accounts for behaviour chnage and suggest behaviour is adapted to suit situation
eg. good situation= good behaviour

26
Q

what is the formula for behaviour

A

B=f(PE)
behaviour= function(personality x environment)

27
Q

what happens when situational factors are weak (training)

A

personality traits are more likely to affect behaviour

28
Q

what happens when situational factors are strong (game)

A

the situational factors are more likely to affect behaviour than personality traits

29
Q

what is the hollanders model (HM)

A

personality is a layered structure

30
Q

what is the middle layer (HM)

A

inner psychological core- fairly pernament, values, what you believe and think

31
Q

what is the 2nd layer (HM)

A

typical responses- typical responses to situations, generally represents the type of inner core

32
Q

what is the outer layer (HM)

A

role- related behaviours- changeable, dependent on situation, could be different to core

33
Q

how can knowledge of the interactionist approach help coaches

A
  • predicts potential unnacceptable or aggressive behaviour (substutions to prevent sending off)
  • identify situations that cause inappropriate actions or decrease in performance and create similar situations in training (nervous player who doesnt like crowds)
  • change player behaviour by enouraging players to adapt (anxious about a penalty the coach get help them practice)
34
Q

`evaluation of interactionist approach

A
  • core values could be hard to get rid of
  • reinforcement could allow same behaviour to continue
  • personality is stable but competition may be unstable
  • specific competiton situations could cause different behaviour
  • varying forms of personality for a team member others may need to understanf that
35
Q

what are 3 methods of testing personality

A

questionaires
observation
interview

36
Q

what is the validity of questionaires

A

does the personality test measure the performers whole personality

37
Q

what is the reliability of questionaires

A

if the test was repeated would the results be the same

38
Q

advantages of questionaires

A
  • research lots of people at one time
  • cheap
  • numerical
  • reliable
39
Q

disadvantages of questionaires

A
  • weak validity
  • demand characteristics
    -difficults to self assess
  • ambigous questions
40
Q

what is observation

A

subjects watched and behaviour recorded (when behaviuor is consistent and what situations affect what they do)

41
Q

advantages of observation

A

personality tested in the actual setting

42
Q

disadvantages of observation

A

reducing validity and reliability
- subjects know they are being watched
- researchers may observe behaviour differently

43
Q

what is an interview

A

involves 1-2-1 discussion with performer

44
Q

advantages of interview

A

gain in depth understanding of the person

45
Q

disadvantages of interview

A

reducing validity and reliability
take time
responses can change to mood
interviewing can make person feel nervous whihc will affect repsonse to question
only 1 can be interviewed at a time

46
Q

what does iceburg profile suggest

A

success in sport may enhance positive mental help

47
Q

what does the profile of mood states test

A

tension depression anger vigour fatigue and confusion
(athletes above norm for vigour and below for the rest)

48
Q

acronym for profile of mood

A

ten defenders aston villa football club

49
Q

what is credulous approach

A

when the link between personality and behaviour is accepted

50
Q

what is sceptical approach

A

when the link between personality and behaviour is doubted

PE- sports psychology (5 decks)

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