achievement motivation Flashcards
definition of achievement motivation
an individuals drive to achieve success for its own sake
what is the equation for achievement motivation
desire to succeed - fear of failure
2 factors that atkinson proposed that affects achievement of motivation
personality
situational factors
what are the personalty factors
NACH
NAF
what is NACH
need to achieve
what is NAF
need to avoid failure
what is atkinsons original achievement motivation equation
AM = NACH-NAF
what are NACH characteristics
looks for challenges
persists for longer
values feedback from others
enjoys performing in evaluative situations
takes reasonable risks
completes tasks quickly and efficently
takes responsibilty for actions
high levels of SE
willing to take risks
what are NAF characteristics
avoids cahllenges
gives up easily
dislikes feedback from others
dislikes 50-50
preoccupied with failure
takes time to complete tasks
avoids personal responsibilty
low levels of SE
unwilling to take risks
what does the performer assess
the task difficulty
the incentive of the task
the equation of probability of success/failure
task difficulty/probability of success
what does the incentive of task equal
the importance of the individual of success or failure in the task
(negative linear realtionship)
what is avoidance behaviour
people with low SE/NAF dominance avoid situations to protect self esteem
what is approach behaviour
people who attempt challenging situations even if they might fail
the coach needs to be positive even if they fail
how can a coach help increase NACH
using postive reinforcement to increase feelings of pride
setting tasks that have a choice of difficulty so everyone can achieve
try not to put low achievers into a situation were they may fail
choosing task everyone can achieve but not too easy
focuseing any negative feedback on effort rather than ability
gradually increasing task difficulty as self esteem improves
what is SOQ
sport orientation questionnaire
what did martens propose that motivates to be NACH or NAF in a sport setting
competitiveness
win orientation
goal orientation
what are the SOQ results
males score highrt on competitiveness and win orientation
females scored a little higher on goal orientation
athletes scored higher than non athletes in most areas
athletes were more concered about performance and less about outcome than non athletes
what are the 3 stages that veroff proposed that achievemtent motivation developes in
autonomus competence stage
social comparison stage
integrated stage
what is the autonomous competence stage
up to 5 years old a child is concerned with mastering skills
rarely compare to others
concern is to do better than last time
measure own success using internal standards
set their own goals
what is the social comparison stage
from 6 a child starts comparing themselves to others
measure success using external standards
unlikley to progress to next stage of development or uncomfortable with competition or competes to staisfy own ego and beat others
like to progress if they enjoy competition and use feedback gained
what is the integrated phase
no fixed age depends to maturation
measure standards using internal and external standards
definition of motivation
desire to succeed
two types of motivation
intrinsic
extrinsic
