Personal Factors Influencing the Communicating Individual

Question 1

self-concept

Answer 1

stable set of perception of self

Question 2

self-identity

Answer 2

the social positions you occupy; who you are in relation to other people; roles and positions in life
i.e. - daughter, student, friend, white, etc.

Question 3

self-image

Answer 3

refers to one’s sense of one’s qualities, skills, attributions, and chacteristics

Question 4

self-esteem

Answer 4

emotionally how you feel about yourself, how you rank yourself, positive and negative

Question 5

Looking Glass Self Theory

Answer 5

through interactions with people we get our self concept; people act as those people are looking at us through glass
3 stages: (1) we imagine how actions appear to other people, (2) imagine how other people are judging these actions, (3) we make a self judgment based on the presumed judgment of others
-impact during early life (how your parents see you, ect) but is still open to modification as you grow
-our perceptions can be wrong, what you believe other people believe is more important that what they are actually thinking in defining ourself
-as we grow it takes a good deal of contradictory evidence to change our self concept

Question 6

Interpersonal Imperative

Answer 6

foundation need of humans to socialize and communicate with other human beings; greatly seen when social interaction is cut off

Question 7

3 basic needs

Answer 7

common among all members of the human race - need for inclusion, control, and affection

Question 8

inclusion

Answer 8

healthy range - over-social = too mch need to be included, join everything; under-social = don’t want to belong to anything

Question 9

control

Answer 9

over situations, over people
autocrats = too much need for control
abdicrats = too little of a control need, need someone to tell them what to do

Question 10

affection

Answer 10

love , tenderness, kindness; give and get
too much = over-personal
too little = under-persona

Question 11

belief

Answer 11

one’s personal position as to whether something is true or not; the more central or important a belief is for us, the greater the effect on us will be if that belief is changed

Question 12

primitive, 100% consensus belief

Answer 12

derives from one’s own personal experience; everyone believes in it

Question 13

primitive, 0% consensus belief

Answer 13

there are many difference of opinion in regard to this belief but you believe it regardless of what others believe
-political, religious, and philosophical beliefs fall into this category

Question 14

authority beliefs

Answer 14

we believe because an authority tells us

Question 15

derived authority beliefs

Answer 15

you believe something becuase of what an authority says, even thougoh the individual is not an expert or authority in the matter at hand, but i some other realm

Question 16

inconsequential belief

Answer 16

we believe these to be true, but they are of no great importance; often merely matters of taste

Question 17

attitudes

Answer 17

more typically beliefs plus an evaluation

ex/ beliefs about snakes (ugly, slimy, slithery) –> attitude = i don’t like snakes

Question 18

values

Answer 18

\: based upon attitudes; strongly held general ideas; refer to large numbers of people or things over long periods of time
ex/ value peace; konw of and believe in the existence of different cases in which people were treated as second class citizens because of their race; belief that there was no rational basis for this treatment; i have attitudes about each of these cases, that these actions were bad; value = equality

Question 19

instrumental values

Answer 19

means values; uses these as a means to arrive at some end that you want to acheive; can only be understood in relation to terminal values
ex/ you value wealth or money instrumentally, because you believe that this will bring you happiness, your terminal value

Question 20

terminal values

Answer 20

in and of themselves; refer to were you want to end up

Question 21

Rokeach idea of self-concept

Answer 21

self-concept is the guiding goal and purpose of one’s system of beliefs, attitudes, and values; the ultimate purpose of on’s total system of beliefs, attitudes, and values is maintaining and enhancing self-regard