Perry Et Al (Psychology being investigated)

Question 1

Define interpersonal distance

Answer 1

• Refers to the distance between 2 people during an intercation. An indiviudals preferred distance may vary depending on their relationship woth others.

Question 2

1) Interpersonal distance

Answer 2

• Refers to the distance between 2 people during an interaction.
• A crucial aspect of social behaviour, that signals comfort and responsiveness.
• People often have an implicit sense of interpersonal distance comfort. And variations in this distance can affect social interactions significantly.
• Edward T Hall introduced the idea of 4 interpersonal distance space zones.

Question 3

What are the 4 interpersonal space zones proposed by Edward T Hall?

Answer 3

• Intimate: Reserved between romantic partners or very close family memebers. Involves all the senses.
• Personal: Used with others present in most everyday interactions. We can see, hear, touch the person.
• Social: Used in formal intercations with others. louder voices, body movement and eye contact may be used
• Public: Used to keep distance from public figures. Loud voice and body movements usually feature.

Question 4

Define Oxytocin?

Answer 4

• A social hormone that plays a role in social bonding by heighting the importance of social cues and thus promotes prosocial behaviour.

Social bonding= bonds during breastfeeding/ freindship bonds

Question 5

2) Oxytocin

Answer 5

• A social hormone that plays a role in social bonding by heightning the importance of social cues and thus promotes prosocial behaviour.
• Can have a differential effect depending on empathy levels. OT will promote social boding and closer distance in high empathisers. Ot will lead to envy, hostility and further distances in low empathisers.

The study attempts to explore this differential effect

Question 6

Social salience definition

Answer 6

• The importance or attension one gives to social cues (from others)

Question 7

Define the social salience hypothesis

Answer 7

• Predicts OT will increase attension to social cues. Thus affect how a person processes and responds to these cues depending on the social setting. However, OT may have a differential effect.

Question 8

Social cues definition

Answer 8

Facial expressions or body langauge used to send messages to another.

Question 9

Empathy definition

Answer 9

The ability to understand or percieve anothers experinces from their POV

Question 10

Differential effect

Answer 10

When several indiviudals expeirnce a difference in outcome when exposed with the same stimuli

Question 11

Interaction effect

Answer 11

The effect of 2 or more IV’s on at least one DV.
(the combined effect of the IV is greater/less than each individual variable)

Question 12

Describe the backround of the study simply

Answer 12

• Perry Et Al tested whether people with different empathy abilities were influenced by OT in the same or different ways in relation to their personal space preferences. This is known as the interaction effect.