Peritoneum: Endometriosis, Mesothelial tumors, Serous Tumors, and Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Flashcards
Why is the peritoneum considered an “open system” in women?
It is interrupted by the fallopian tubes.
Cells that line the peritoneal cavity and those that form the serosa of the ovary are both of celomic epithelial origin. What does this say about tumors and tumor-like lesions in both locations?
It is unclear whether these lesions are the same entity in both locations
What is endometriosis?
Presence of benign endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus
What are the three general theories that try to explain endometriosis?
- Transplantation of endometrial fragments
- Metaplasia
- Induction of undiff mesenchyme
What is the most widely accepted theory of endometriosis?
Transplantation: Menstrual endometrium refluxes thru the fallopian tube and implants at ectopic sites
What is the theory of endometriosis which hypothesizes that endometrial metaplasia of periotneal serosa gives rise to endometrial tissue?
Celomic Metaplasia
What is the induction theory?
Substance secreted by the endometrium induces development of endometrial epithelium and stroma in ectopic sites
Endometriosis. What are the two typical gross morphology shown? If endometriosis was found in the ovary, what lesion can form?
Mulberry nodules (endometriosis foci) and powder burns (fibrosis); Chocolate cysts
What histologically characterizes endometriosis? What IHC marker is Dx?
Ectopic normal endometrial glands and stroma; CD-10
What is a major clinical complication of endometriosis?
Infertility
Where do adenomatoid tumors arise from? Px?
Mainly Fallopian tubes; Benign
What is the primary outlook of Well-Diff Papillary Mesotheliomas? Diffuse Malignant Mesotheliomas?
Benign; Malignant
What are virtually the only type of tumor found in the peritoneum?
Serous tumors
A tumor exhibits epithelial tufts and psammoma bodies. It is benign. What is the Dx?
Noninvasive implants of borderline serous tumors on the peritoneum
What is Pseudomyxoma peritonei?
Accumulation of jellylike mucus in the pelvis or peritoneum
