Peritoneum and Abdominal Cavity

Question 1

Organs of the foregut

Answer 1

Esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, proximal parts of the duodenum, spleen

Question 2

Organs of the midgut

Answer 2

most of the rest of the duodenum, rest of the small intestine including the jejunum and ileum; cecum, appendix, ascending and transverse colon

Question 3

Organs of the hindgut

Answer 3

Transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

Question 4

Mesentery

Answer 4

Double fold of peritoneum, its neither visceral nor parietal. It provides a pathway for neurovascular supply

Question 5

Innervation of parietal peritoneum

Answer 5

Somatic afferents-creates very sensitive and well localized dermatomes

Question 6

Innervation of visceral peritoneum

Answer 6

visceral afferents, poorly localized and insensitive

Question 7

Retroperitoneal organs

Answer 7

Colon (except for tail), most of the duodenum, ascending and descending colon, kidneys, adrenal glands, aorta and IVC

Question 8

Greater Omentum

Answer 8

Attached to greater mesentery of the stomach, very fatty, provides cushioning, and separates abdominal viscera from abdominal wall, complex of three individual mesenteries that we call ligaments

Question 9

Gastrocolic ligament

Answer 9

ligament of greater omentum, runs between stomach and transverse colon

Question 10

Gastrophrenic ligament

Answer 10

ligament of greater omentum, short portion that connects stomach to the underside of the diaphragm

Question 11

Gastrosplenic ligament

Answer 11

ligament of greater omentum, runs from the stomach to the spleen

Question 12

Coronary ligament

Answer 12

Incomplete ligament that suspends the liver from the diaphragm

Question 13

Right and left triangular ligaments

Answer 13

Far left and right extensions of the coronary ligament

Question 14

Falciform ligament

Answer 14

Large ridge of peritoneum on anterior surface of liver. It fastens the liver to the anterior abdominal wall, separates the left and right anatomical lobes of liver, and suspends the round ligament of the liver (ligamentum teres) which is a remnant of the fetal umbilical vein

Question 15

Mesentery proper

Answer 15

attached to most of the small intestine

Question 16

Transverse mesocolon

Answer 16

mesentery for the transverse colon

Question 17

phrenicocolic ligament

Answer 17

anchors the splenic flexure to the diaphragm

Question 18

Mesentery of appendix

Answer 18

mesoappendix

Question 19

Lesser omentum

Answer 19

follows lesser curvature of the stomach, this anchors the stomach and duodenum to the underside of the liver. It is very thin and typically contains no fat.

Question 20

Hepatogastric ligament

Answer 20

ligament of lesser omentum, links the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver

Question 21

Hepatoduodenal ligament

Answer 21

ligament of lesser omentum, links liver and proximal part of duodenum, contains the portal triad.

Question 22

Epiploic foramen

Answer 22

Communication between omental bursa and greater sac

Question 23

Compartments of the greater sac

Answer 23

Supracolic and infracolic compartments

Question 24

Subphrenic recess

Answer 24

recess from coronary ligament, down and around liver

Question 25

Left paracolic gutters

Answer 25

gutters fluid along the descending colon

Question 26

Right parabolic gutter

Answer 26

gutters fluid along the ascending colon

Question 27

Secondarily retroperitoneal organs

Answer 27

Pancreas (all but tail), duodenum (all but first part), ascending/descending colon

Question 28

Mesenteries of the large intestine

Answer 28

Transverse mesocolon, sigmoid mesocolon, mesoappendix