Celiac Trunk and Targets Flashcards
Branches of the celiac trunk
Splenic artery, left gastric artery, common hepatic artery
Muscular sphincter of esophagus
Doesn’t exist! The diaphragm provides the muscular tone to prevent reflux of contents of stomach
Blood supply to esophagus
celiac trunk, left inferior phrenic artery
Venous return of esophagus
Esophageal veins can go to IVC. Inferior esophageal veins go to hepatic portal vein
Portal-Systemic Anastomoses
Area where veins can either drain to hepatic portal system or systemic return. Usually areas like this are affected by portal hypertension
Anchoring of stomach
Greater and lesser omentum
Left hand dome of diaphragm
created by fundus of stomach
Cardiac notch
where esophagus enters stomach
Angular incisure
On lesser curvature of stomach, where duodenum begins to form.
Cardia
Most proximal part of stomach
Rugae
Inner fold of stomach endothelium
Blood supply to stomach
Left gastric artery supplies lesser curvature, short gastric artery from splenic artery supplies fundus, left gastro-omental artery from splenic artery supplies greater curvature, right gastro-omental artery from common hepatic artery supplies greater curvature as well
Venous drainage of stomach
Left gastro-omental vein drains to splenic vein and then to portal vein. Right gastro-omental vein drains to superior mesenteric vein and then portal vein. left and right gastric veins follow left and right gastric arteries to drain directly into portal vein
What forms hepatic portal vein
Hepatic portal vein is formed by confluence of splenic and superior mesenteric vein
Functions of spleen
lymphatic, recycles heme units out of hemoglobin
Falciform ligament
divides liver into right and left lobes anteriorly.
Ligamentum venosum
shunt between the caudate and left lobe
Portal triad
Passes through porta hepatis. Contains common bile duct, hepatic artery, and hepatic portal vein.
Blood supply of liver
Common hepatic artery from celiac trunk. Superior branch of common hepatic artery forms proper hepatic artery which goes to liver and gallbladder
Proper hepatic artery
Splits from common hepatic artery from celiac trunk. Proper hepatic artery splits into hepatic arteries that supply liver
Portal vein
receives blood from DIGESTIVE ORGANS. If it’s not a digestive organ, it’s blood probably isn’t going to the liver
What type of blood does the liver receive from the portal vein
Poorly oxygenated but blood high in nutrients
Venous drainage of liver
Portal vein, central veins, 3 hepatic veins, then to IVC
Biliary Tree
bile produced by hepatocytes, exits porta hepatis via bile ducts, forms left and right hepatic ducts, after cystic duct merges this becomes the common bile duct. Common bile duct combines with pancreatic duct at hepatopancreatic ampulla.
Major duodenal papilla
Entrance into duodenum from common bile duct at hepatopancreatic ampulla
Blood supply of gallbladder
cystic artery from right hepatic artery
Cystohepatic Triangle (of Calot)
Contains cystic artery and Lund’s node
Borders of cystohepatic triangle
cystic duct, common hepatic duct, inferior margin of liver
What condition causes enlargement of Lund’s node
cholecystitis
Location of structures in portal triad
Posteriorly: hepatic portal vein, right side: bile duct, left side: hepatic artery
parasympathetic innervation of foregut and midgut
Vagus nerve
Parasympathetic innervation of hindgut
pelvic splanchnic nerves from S2, 3, and 4 (preganglionic)
Sympathetic innervation of foregut
thoracic splanchnic nerve (greater splanchnic nerve)–> celiac ganglion
Sympathetic innervation of midgut
thoracic splanchnic nerve (lesser splanchnic nerve)–> superior mesenteric ganglion
Sympathetic innervation of hindgut
lumbar splanchnic nerve–> inferior mesenteric ganglion
Autonomic plexus
blending of postganglionic sympathetic fibers and preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
