peritoneal cavity W6

Question 1

what type of sac is the peritoneum? when is it closed/open?

Answer 1

serous sac
closed in males
open in females (by uterine tube)

Question 1

layers of the peritoneum?

Answer 1

parietal - lines internal surface of abdominopelvic wall
visceral - invaginates to cover the majority of the abdominal viscera

Question 2

intraperitoneal organs/structures?

Answer 2

stomach
spleen
liver
1st inch of first part of duodenum
jejunum and ileum
cecum
appendix
transverse colon
sigmoid colon
portal triad

Question 3

retroperitoneal organs/structures?

Answer 3

pancreas
kidney
2nd inch of first part of duodenum
2nd, 3rd, 4th parts of duodenum
ascending colon
descending colon
abdominal aorta and IVC

Question 4

what is the greater sac

Answer 4

part of the peritoneal cavity which lies just posterior to the anterior abdominal wall and extends from the diaphragm to the pelvic cavity

Question 5

what does the greater sac cover

Answer 5

back of abdominal wall, inferior surface of diaphragm
superior, anterior, inferior surfaces of the liver
anterior surface of lesser & greater omentum, wraps behind greater omentum and covers transverse mesocolon and mesentery of small intestine, descends down in pelvis as pelvic peritoneum

Question 6

what is the lesser sac? how does it communicate with the greater sac?

Answer 6

peritoneal cavity recess which is located posterior to stomach and within the greater omentum and communicates with the greater sac via epiploic foramen

Question 7

what are the walls of the lesser sac formed by?

Answer 7

liver (caudate lobe)
lesser omentum
stomach
greater omentum
peritoneal structures forming stomach bed
transverse mesocolon
transverse colon

Question 8

what is the epiploic foramen and where is it

Answer 8

slit-like aperture communicating the cavities of lesser and greater sacs
located posterior to the free margin of the lesser omentum (posterior to hepato-duodenal ligament containing portal triad)

Question 9

types of folds of the peritoneum?

Answer 9

omenta - peritoneal folds connect the stomach to other organs

mesentery - peritoneal folds connect the mobile parts of the intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

ligament - peritoneal folds connect abdominal organs (eg linorenal ligament) or to the abdominal wall (eg coronary/triangular ligaments)

Question 10

list the omenta

Answer 10

lesser omentum
greater omentum
gastrosplenic omentum (ligament)

Question 11

list the mesentery

Answer 11

mesentery of small intestine
transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon
mesoappendix

Question 12

what structures does the lesser omentum connect

Answer 12

from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the 1st inch of duodenum

Question 13

what structures does the greater omentum connect

Answer 13

from the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse mesocolon folded up on itself

Question 14

what structures does the falciform ligament connect

Answer 14

sickle fold of peritoneum connecting anterior abdominal wall to the liver

Question 15

what structures does the gastrosplenic ligament connect

Answer 15

connects spleen to stomach

Question 16

what structures does the splenorenal (lienorenal) ligament connect

Answer 16

left side kidney to the spleen

Question 17

what does the mesentery enclose? how many layers does it have?

Answer 17

encloses free part of small intestine
formed of two layers

Question 18

what does the sigmoid mesocolon enclose

Answer 18

the sigmoid colon

Question 19

what does the transverse mesocolon enclose

Answer 19

encloses the transverse colon

Question 20

features of the mesoappendix

Answer 20

triangular peritoneal fold
encloses vermiform appendix

Question 21

pelvic peritoneal spaces?

Answer 21

male - rectovesical pouch

female - rectouterine pouch, vesicouterine pouch