Peripheral Vascular Disease Flashcards
1
Q
Causes
A
Atherosclerosis (most common)
Popliteal entrapment syndrome
Limb trauma
Vasculitis
2
Q
Critical Limb Ischaemia
A
Chronic ischaemic at-rest pain, ulcers or gangrene in one or both legs
15-30% of patients with PVD progress to Critical Limb Ischaemia
3
Q
Acute Limb Ischaemia
A
Sudden occlusion of the artery, which threatens limb viability
5 Ps - pain, paralysis, paraesthesia, pulselessness, pallor
4
Q
Clinical Presentation - Signs
A
Diminished/absent pulses Bruits Reduced skin temperature Pallor on elevation of the limb Muscle atrophy Dry and brittle skin and nails Loss of hair Gangrene Altered sensation
5
Q
Clinical Presentation - Symptoms
A
Intermittent claudication Thigh/buttock pain when walking Cold periphery Erectile dysfunction Leg pain at rest Non-healing wound
6
Q
Investigations
A
ABI (Ankle-Brachial Index) - BP at ankle/BP at arm <0.9 Angiography - diagnosis and tx Duplex US Segmental pressure examination Pulse volume recording
7
Q
Management
A
Lifestyle (as for atherosclerosis)
Pharmacological - anticoagulants (aspirin and clopidogrel), statins, antihypertensives, thrombolytics (tPA)
Surgical - percutaneous balloon angioplasty, stenting, bypass
