Peripheral Vascular - Bates

Question 1

What are the three layers of tissue in arteries?

Answer 1

1) intima
2) media
3) adventitia

Question 2

What does injury to vascular endothelial cells cause?

Answer 2

1) thrombus formation
2) atheromas
3) vascualr lesions of HTN

Question 3

What are the functions of the arterial intima?

Answer 3

1) synthesizes regulators of thrombus
2) produces prothrombotic molecules
3) synthesizes vasoconstrictors
4) synthesizes vasodilators
5) regulates immune and inflammatroy reactions

Question 4

What are the functions of the arterial media?

Answer 4

To dilate and constrict blood pressure and flow

Question 5

What are the functions of the arterial adventitia?

Answer 5

1) connective
2) contains nerve fibers
3) contains the vessels of the vessels

Question 6

Resistance is _______ proportional to the 4th power power of the vessel diameter.

Answer 6

inversely (Law of LaPlace)

Question 7

Veins have what two layers?

Answer 7

1) intima

2) media

Question 8

What is the function of the venous media?

Answer 8

Changes vein caliber in response to minor changes in pressure

Question 9

What are some problems that veins are susceptible to due to their structure?

Answer 9

1) irregular dilation
2) compression
3) ulceration
4) tumors

Question 10

What is the normal size of the adult inguinal lymph node?

Answer 10

1-2 cm

Question 11

Which lymph nodes drain the superficial portions of the lower abdomen and buttock, the external genatalia (except the testes), the anal canal and perianal area, and the lower vagina?

Answer 11

The horizontal group of the superficial inguinal nodes

Question 12

What is the result of lymphatic dysfunction or disturbances in hydrostatic or osmotic forces of the capillary bed?

Answer 12

Edema

Question 13

What is the term for pain or cramping in the legs during exertion that is relieved by rest within 10 minutes?

Answer 13

Intermittent claudication

Question 14

What disease causes spasm of distal arteries in the hands and episodes of sharply demarcated pallor of the fingers?

Answer 14

Raynaud’s

Question 15

Bounding carotid, radial and femoral pulses may be present in what disorder?

Answer 15

Aortic insufficiency

Question 16

When there is occlusion in a vessel, all pulses ___ to that one will be affected.

Answer 16

Distal

Question 17

Chronic arterial occlusion, usually from atherosclerosis, causes what symptom?

Answer 17

Intermittent claudication

Question 18

What may be present if a pulse feels widened and exaggerated?

Answer 18

An aneurysm of that vessel

Question 19

What can be a cause of pain or numbness and tingling in a limb?

Answer 19

An embolus or thrombosis

Question 20

Edema is graded from ___ to ___.

Answer 20

1 to 4

Question 21

Bilateral edema may be present with what disorders?

Answer 21

1) HF
2) Cirrhosis
3) Nephrotic syndrome

Question 22

What test is used to ensure patency of the ulnar artery?

Answer 22

The Allen test