Musculoskeletal - charts

Question 1

Sensation of the lower lateral leg falls in which dermatome?

Answer 1

L5

Question 2

Sensation of the lower posterior falls in which dermatome?

Answer 2

S1

Question 3

What are the physical signs of mechanical low back pain?

Answer 3

1) point tenderness
2) pain with movement
3) loss of lordosis
4) no motor or sensory loss
5) no reflex abnormalities

Question 4

What symptom is very sensitive and specific for disc herniation?

Answer 4

Sciatica (radicular pain)

Question 5

What are the physical signs of radicular low back pain?

Answer 5

1) calf wasting
2) weak ankle dorsiflexion
3) absent ankle jerk
4) positive crossed straight leg raise
5) positive straight leg raise

Question 6

What is the term for pain in the back or legs with walking that improves with rest, lumbar flexion, or both?

Answer 6

pseudoclaudication

Question 7

What are the physical signs of lumbar spinal stenosis?

Answer 7

1) flexed posture
2) lower extremity weakness
3) hyporeflexia
4) thigh pain after 30 seconds of lumbar extension
5) negative straight raise

Question 8

What is the name of an inflammatory polyarthritis common in men < 40 leading to chronic back stiffness?

Answer 8

Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 9

What is the name of an idiopathic cause of chronic back stiffness that affects mostly men > 50?

Answer 9

Diffuse ioiopathic hyperotosis (DISH)

Question 10

What are the physical signs of nocturnal back pain (usually malignancy)?

Answer 10

1) loss of lordosis
2) muscle spasm
3) limited anterior and lateral flexion of the spine
4) improves with exercise

Question 11

What are the physical signs of back pain referred from the abdomen or pelvis?

Answer 11

1) varies with the source
2) spinal movement not affected
3) ROM not affected

Question 12

What are the physical signs of mechanical neck pain?

Answer 12

1) local muscle tenderness
2) pain on movement
3) no neurologic defects
4) possible headache
5) possible trigger points in fibromyalgia
6) possible torticollis

Question 13

What are the physical signs of whiplash?

Answer 13

1) usually begins day after injury
2) localized tenderness
3) decreased ROM
4) perceived weakness of upper extremities
5) may have HA, dizziness, malaise or fatigue

Question 14

What are the physical signs of radicular neck pain?

Answer 14

1) burning or tingling to neck or one arm
2) tingling
3) weakness in triceps, fingers (C7)
4) weakness in biceps, wrist (C6)

Question 15

What are the physical signs of cervical cord compression (myelopathy)?

Answer 15

1) neck pain
2) bilateral parathesias and weakness
3) urinary frequency
4) hyperreflexia
5) clonus at wrist, knee or ankle
6) positive babinski
7) gait disturbance

Question 16

What is the name of the test?

Neck flexion with resulting sensation of electrical shock down the spine

Answer 16

Lhermitte’s sign

Question 17

What are the symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 17

1) swelling of synovial tissue
2) joints tender, warm
3) prominent stiffness, usually am
4) limited ROM develops
5) weakness, fatigue, wt loss, low fever

Question 18

What are the locations, patterns and onset associated with rheumatiod arthritis?

Answer 18

1) hands, feet, wrists, knees, elbows, ankle
2) symmetrically additive
3) insidious onset
4) often chronic with exacerbations

Question 19

What are the symptoms associated with osteoarthritis?

Answer 19

1) joint effusions
2) joints tender
3) brief stiffness, usually am
4) limited ROM

Question 20

What are the locations, patterns and onset associated with osteoarthritis?

Answer 20

1) knees, hips, hands, cervical, lumbar spine, wrists
2) additive
3) insidious
4) slowly progressive with exacerbations

Question 21

What are the symptoms associated with acute gouty arthritis?

Answer 21

1) persistent swelling in and around joint
2) tender, hot, red
3) no stiffness
4) motion limited by pain
5) fever may be present

Question 22

What are the locations, patterns and onset associated with acute gouty arthritis?

Answer 22

1) base of great toe, instep, ankles, knees, elbows
2) early attacks in one joint
3) sudden, at night, follows injury or alcohol
4) isolated attacks may get more severe

Question 23

What are the symptoms associated with chronic gout?

Answer 23

1) tophi in joints, bursae and sub-Q tissues
2) tender, warm, red during exacerbations
3) stiffness
4) limited ROM
5) possible fever

Question 24

What are the locations, patterns and onset associated with chronic gout?

Answer 24

1) feet, ankles, wrist, fingers, elbows
2) additive, may be unilateral
3) gradual onset, repeated attacks
4) chronic with acute exacerbations

Question 25

What are the symptoms associated with polymyalgia rheumatica?

Answer 25

1) edema over dorsum of hands, wrists, feet
2) tender muscles
3) prominent in am
4) pain restricts movement (shoulders)
5) malaise, depression, anorexia, weight loss, fever, no weakness

Question 26

What are the locations, patterns and onset associated with polymyalgia rheumatica?

Answer 26

1) muscles of hip, shoulder girdle and neck; symmetric
2) insidious or abrupt
3) chronic but self-limiting

Question 27

What are the symptoms associated with fibromyalgia?

Answer 27

1) no swelling
2) multiple trigger points
3) stiffness in am
4) no limit to ROM
5) sleep disturbance, morning fatigue
6) overlaps with depression

Question 28

What are the locations, patterns and onset associated with fibromyalgia?

Answer 28

1) hurts all over
2) shifting pattern
3) onset variable
4) chronic with ups and downs